Quantum dilute droplets of dipolar bosons at finite temperature

Abstract

We systematically study the properties of dipolar Bose gases with two- and three-body contact interactions at finite temperature using the Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov–Popov approximation. In uniform case, we obtain an exciting new extension of the seminal Lee–Huang–Yang corrected equation of state that depends explicitly on the thermal fluctuations and on the coupling constant of the three-body interaction. We investigate, on the other hand, the effects of thermal fluctuations on the occurrence and stability of a droplet state in a Bose–Einstein condensate with strong dipole–dipole interactions. We find that at finite temperature, the droplet phase appears as a narrow peak surrounded by a broader thermal halo. We show that the number of particles inside the droplet decays with increasing temperature.