Quantitative evaluation and effectiveness criteria for the crystalline bedrock-type reservoir in the central uplift zone of the northern Songliao basin, NE China

Characteristics and quantitative evaluation of volcanic effective reservoirs: A case study from Junggar Basin, China

ABSTRACTAfter altering the wetness of porous media from preferentially liquid-wet to preferentially gas-wet, gas well production will increase greatly in gas condensate reservoirs. Since the gas-wet degree seriously affects the production, it has both theoretical and practical value to study quantitative measurement and effect factors for gas wettability. In the study, using the sessile drop and the captive bubble, the gas-wet quantitative evaluation methods and criteria have been put forward. Glass slides, treated by the fluorocarbon polymer Zonyl8740, were used as gas-wetness measurement substrates in order to eliminate the roughness effect. The calculation of slide surface free energy and slide/water interface free energy was determined by two models, respectively, Owens-Wendt and the captive bubble two-probe method. The results show that, if the solid surface free energy is less than solid/liquid interface free energy, the surface or the interface will be preferential gas-wetting, otherwise, non gas-wetting; with the decrease of surface free energy and interface free energy, the gas-wetting gets strong. Thus, it is effective to realize gas-wetness by lowering the value of surface free energy or surface tension.

A lot of nonlinear embedding techniques have been developed to recover the intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds embedded in the high-dimensional space. However, the quantitative evaluation criteria are less studied in literature. The embedding quality is usually evaluated by visualization which is subjective and qualitative. The few existing evaluation methods to estimate the embedding quality, neighboring preservation rate for example, are not widely applicable. In this paper, we propose several novel criteria for quantitative evaluation, by considering the global smoothness and co-directional consistence of the nonlinear embedding algorithms. The proposed criteria are geometrically intuitive, simple, and easy to implement with a low computational cost. Experiments show that our criteria capture some new geometrical properties of the nonlinear embedding algorithms, and can be used as a guidance to deal with the embedding of the out-of-samples.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and significance of establishing quantitative evaluation indicators in the project closure quality control by quantitative evaluation criteria. Methods To establish the evaluation index and corresponding index weight according to literature analysis, brainstorming and Delphy's expert consultation methodologies, research data were analyzed by radar chart. Results A total of five first grade indicators and twenty-three second level indicators were established, and the implementation evaluation system was established from five aspects: ethical requirements, informatization, program implementation, quality control and scientific research output. Conclusions The evaluation system can effectively evaluate the quality of clinical research, identify the weak links of the study quality management. It is a suitable method for the quality management of clinical research problems. Key words: Clinical research; Evaluation system; Quantitative evaluation; Radar map

According to the nature of multiple linear regression evaluation method, the quantitative evaluation method of teachers is divided into quantitative evaluation method and qualitative evaluation method. On the basis of meta linear regression, the quantitative evaluation method of teachers' teaching is standardized, and the quantitative evaluation standard of teachers is designed. A spiral dynamic evaluation process of data collection evaluation feedback is formed by collecting and combining the evaluation information method with the expectation evaluation and grade evaluation standard. Combined with the multiple linear regression algorithm, the quantitative evaluation criteria and evaluation index of teachers are calculated To identify, identify and differentiate the main functions of quantitative evaluation of teachers, teaching effect of high teachers, targeted evaluation and improvement of teaching methods and models.

The lack of funding to meet identified transportation needs, the controversial nature of transportation investment decisions, and the increasing demand by stakeholders to be involved in transportation programming have driven the need to develop effective evaluation criteria within decision processes. The Northeast Area Transportation Study (NEATS), performed by the city of Sacramento, California, incorporated a process in which stakeholders, representing a broad cross section of interests, developed quantitative evaluation criteria to prioritize projects for design and construction. In addition, a set of existing citywide quantitative evaluation criteria was used to prioritize the NEATS projects. Despite the significant differences in the two sets of criteria, the results of the two rankings were very similar. After comparing the criteria, it was concluded both are appropriate for their intended uses. Observations are offered for developing and applying evaluation criteria.

Fuzzy multicriteria decision making (MCDM) has been widely used in ranking a finite number of decision alternatives characterised by fuzzy assessments with respect to multiple evaluation criteria. The MCDM methods suitable for solving a given decision problem usually differ in their normalisation process and aggregation process for handling the performance ratings of the decision alternatives and the weights of the evaluation criteria. The overall preference of a decision alternative is obtained by aggregating the criteria weights and the performance ratings of the alternatives, on which the ranking is based. Due to their structural differences, these methods often produce inconsistent ranking results for the same fuzzy MCDM problem. To address this issue, this study develops a novel approach for the development and validation of fuzzy MCDM models. The approach incorporates three normalisation methods, three aggregation methods, and a α-cut based defuzzification method to develop fuzzy MCDM models. The α-cut based defuzzification method allows the decision maker’s attitude on fuzzy assessments to be incorporated into the decision making process. To examine the validity of the fuzzy MCDM models available for a given decision problem, a new validation process is developed based on the fuzzy clustering technique to assist in selecting a valid outcome from the inconsistent ranking results produced by these models. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the fuzzy MCDM model development and validation approach, three practical applications under various decision contexts are conducted. The first application is about the airport performance evaluation problem. This study selects 12 Asia-Pacific major international airports as the decision alternatives of the evaluation problem and identifies 19 quantitative and qualitative evaluation criteria under the airport operator, passenger, and airline dimensions. Based on three normalisation methods and two aggregation methods, six fuzzy MCDM models are developed which produce inconsistent ranking results for the evaluation problem. The ranking validity of the six models is examined by the validation process using fuzzy clustering and the most valid model is selected. The second application is concerned with the scrap metal buyer selection problem. This study considers five recycling companies in southern China as the decision alternatives of the buyer selection problem and identifies four qualitative selection criteria under the economic and environmental dimensions. Based on three normalisation methods and three aggregation methods, seven fuzzy MCDM models are developed which produce inconsistent ranking results for the selection problem. The ranking validity of the seven models is examined by the validation process using fuzzy clustering and the most valid model is selected. The third application deals with the non-ferrous scrap metal supplier selection problem. This study considers 15 scrap metal suppliers as the decision alternatives of the supplier selection problem and identifies five quantitative and qualitative selection criteria for a non-ferrous scrap metal buyer. Based on three normalisation methods and three aggregation methods, seven fuzzy MCDM models are developed which produce inconsistent ranking results for the selection problem. The ranking validity of the seven models is examined by the validation process using fuzzy clustering and the most valid model is selected. With the development of the approach and the three empirical applications, this study makes significant methodological and practical contributions. The approach addresses the validity issue of the cardinal rankings generated by different fuzzy MCDM models. In practical applications, the subjective attitude of the decision maker is effectively incorporated into the decision making process. With its simplicity in both concept and computation, the approach has a general applicability for solving general MCDM problems, and is particularly suited to decision situations where the ranking results produced by different fuzzy MCDM models differ significantly.

This study aimed to investigate the cutoff value of quantitative and volumetric response evaluation criteria for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and compare the performance of the modified criteria to one-dimensional criteria in survival prediction. A retrospective single-center study was performed for treatment-naive patients with HCC who underwent initial TACE between June 2015 and June 2019. Treatment response assessment was performed after the first observation by contrast CT or MRI, with the measurement of diameters by modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) and volumes by quantitative European Association for Study of the Liver (qEASL). Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint of this study. The new cutoff value for volumetric response evaluation criteria was created using restricted cubic splines. The performance of modified qEASL (mqEASL, with the new cutoff value) and mRECIST on survival prediction was compared by Cox regression models in internal and external validation. A total of 129 patients (mean age, 60 years ± 11 [standard deviation]; 111 men) were included and divided into training (n=90) and validation (n=39) cohorts. The cutoff value for the viable volume reduction was set at 57.0%. The mqEASL enabled separation of non-responders and responders in terms of median OS (p<0.001), 11.2 months (95% CI, 8.5-17.2 months) vs. 31.5 months (95% CI, 25.5-44.0 months). Two multivariate models were developed with independent prognostic factors (tumor response, metastasis, portal vein tumor thrombus, and subsequent treatment) to predict OS. Model 2 (for mqEASL) had a greater Harrel's C index, higher time-dependent area under the receiving operator characteristic curve (AUROC), and more precise calibration on 6-month survival rates than Model 1 (for mRECIST). With the modified cutoff value, the quantitative and volumetric response of HCC patients to TACE becomes a precise predictor of overall survival. Further studies are needed to verify this modification before application in clinical practice.

In this paper, qualitative and quantitative evaluation criteria can be used to evaluate the internal control system. Qualitative evaluation is influenced by the subjective judgment of evaluators and often lacks objectivity, while quantitative evaluation is welcomed by audit institutions because of its scientific, accurate and comparable characteristics. This paper constructs the internal control evaluation index, takes the characteristic information describing the internal control status of accounting information as the input vector of the neural network, and takes the value representing the corresponding comprehensive evaluation result as the output of the neural network, and trains the network with enough samples to make different input vectors get different output values, This paper makes a quantitative evaluation on the control status of accounting information system.

Quantitative evaluation methods for water-flooded layers of conglomerate reservoir based on well logging data

Consumer behavior is one of the key factors influencing product sales, especially in food packaging design, where green, organic, sustainable, and human-centered designs are more effective in promoting food sales. This paper aims to develop a sustainability evaluation method for children's food packaging. The study first explores the theoretical foundations of sustainability, establishing a systematic set of quantitative indicators and evaluation criteria. Based on this framework, the research gathers consumption behavior, rating data from 250 parents of various ages, professions, and income backgrounds. Using the CRITIC model, the study performs dimensionless processing and detailed quantitative evaluation of the indicators' comparability, contradictions, and information content to allocate weights for the sustainability evaluation metrics. Furthermore, the MABAC model is applied to construct a weighted decision matrix and boundary approximation area, ranking the sustainability of 20 representative children's food packaging design schemes (S1-S20). The results show that Scheme S1, after calculation using the CRITIC-MABAC model, has a total distance of 0.214 from the boundary approximation area, exhibiting the smallest deviation from the ideal solution across multiple evaluation criteria and achieving the best overall performance. Building on the optimal Scheme S1, this study comprehensively considers key elements such as eco-friendliness, safety, functionality, and educational value in the optimization of a sustainable design for children's fruit puree packaging. The research validates the practicality and effectiveness of the quantitative model through the sustainable design and evaluation of children's food packaging from a consumer behavior perspective, promoting sustainability design and optimization in the children's food packaging sector.

The article is focused on the selection of the rational skylight from the examined alternatives using quantitative and qualitative evaluation criteria, which are based on skylight performance and the multi-criteria decision-making method. A non-residential building, namely, a car service shop, was chosen for the research in order to offer good lighting in the large hall where the car repair work is performed every workday. Three alternatives of skylights with glazing material of spherical shape or dome were chosen for the study, skylight domes, longitudinal skylights, and tubular skylights, whose selection was based on the technical parameters of the product and the calculated amount of natural light entering through three different types of skylights. The skylight alternatives were evaluated according to seven criteria whose priority ranking and importance were determined by the survey questionnaire, while the theoretical and complex importance was determined using the Entropy Method. The most rational type of skylight was determined by the TOPSIS method. The analysis based on the offered method showed that skylight domes are a rational solution for the choice of skylight type for the tested building. The main criterion for choosing the roof daylighting system according to the survey was heat transfer coefficient, while skylight cost and installation cost were the criteria chosen by Entropy Method. In both cases, when alternative solutions were compared using the theoretical and complex importance of evaluation criteria, the most rational type of skylight selected using the TOPSIS method was the same alternative, namely the skylight dome.

The author provides guidance in responding to US federal government procurements that include quantitative and qualitative evaluation criteria. Systematic analysis of the relative importance of all evaluation criteria in a request for proposal can optimize page allocations and ensure balanced treatment of customer concerns, thereby achieving a maximum proposal score. A method is presented for determining relationships among evaluation criteria, and thus for making meaningful allocations of pages for proposal sections and subsections. The model lends itself to desktop computer implementation.

Wellbore instability resulting from deep mudstone hydration severely restricts the development of oil and gas resources from deep reservoir in western China. Accurate evaluation of drilling fluid inhibition properties plays an important role in selecting drilling fluid that can control deep mudstone hydration and then sustain wellbore stability. The previous evaluations are conducted by qualitative analysis and cannot consider the influence of complex hydration conditions of deep mudstone (high temperature, high pressure and flushing action). The study proposes a quantitative method to evaluate drilling fluid’s inhibition property for deep mudstone under natural drilling conditions. In this method, the cohesive strength of mudstone after hydration is adopted as the inhibition index of the tested drilling fluid. An experimental platform containing a newly designed HPHT (High pressure and high temperature) hydration experiment apparatus and mechanics characterization of mudstone after hydration based on scratch test is proposed to obtain the current inhibition index of tested drilling fluid under deep well drilling environments. Based on the mechanical–chemical wellbore stability model considering strength weakening characteristics of deep mudstone after hydration, a cross-correlation between drilling fluid density (collapse pressure) and required inhibition index (cohesive strength) for deep mudstone is provided as the quantitative evaluation criterion. Once the density of tested mud is known, one can confirm whether the inhibition property of tested mud is sufficient. In this study, the JDK mudstone of a K block in western China is selected as the application object of the proposed evaluation method. Firstly, the evaluation chart, which can demonstrate the required inhibition indexes of the tested fluids quantitatively with various densities for JDK mudstone, is constructed. Furthermore, the experimental evaluations of inhibition indexes of drilling fluids taken from two wells in K block are conducted under ambient and deep-well drilling conditions, respectively. In order to show the validity and advantage of the proposed method, a comparison between the laboratory evaluation results and field data is made. Results show that the laboratory evaluation results under deep-well drilling conditions are consistent with the field data. However, the evaluation under ambient conditions overestimates the inhibition property of the tested fluid and brings a risk of wellbore instability. The developed quantitative method can be a new way to evaluate and optimize the inhibition property of drilling fluid for deep mudstone.

A sound source separation technique based on a bio-inspired neural network, capable of functioning in more than two-source mixtures, is proposed. Separation results are compared with other proposed techniques in the literature using quantitative evaluation criteria.