Quantitative analysis of GD-DTPA enhanced dynamic MR images by simplex minimization

Abstract

The introduction of fast clinical imaging techniques enables the dynamic sampling of contrast agent kinetics. The quantity of data generated by such techniques demands the application of automated analysis tools to provide objective assessments of contrast washin/washout characteristics across an entire image. Using a simple compartmental model, the washin/washout characteristics may be defined in terms of a biexponential function. Curve fitting to this nonlinear function may be approached using a nonlinear least squares technique. We demonstrate an alternative technique, simplex minimization, to be more robust in a comparative study using Monte Carlo simulation. The application of the technique is illustrated by pixel-by-pixel analysis of dynamic data obtained from a patient with primary carcinoma of the breast.