Abstract
COVID-19 became a pandemic in a few months, leading to adverse health outcomes, reducing the quality of life, affecting the sleep/wake cycle, and altering coping strategies, especially among hospital personnel. Life quality, insomnia, and coping strategies were thus assessed among hospital personnel during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2020 through an online survey. There were 558 participants (28.5% males and 71.5% females) enrolled in two different metropolitan areas (in North and South of Italy, respectively). Three standardized questionnaires were administered: European Quality of life–5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Brief COPE. Differences in sociodemographic characteristics and work-related factors were also investigated in order to identify possible predictors through a generalized linear model and logistic regression analysis. Results showed good perceived life quality and high insomnia prevalence. After sample stratification, the statistical analysis highlighted that personal (gender, age, educational level) and work-related factors (employment in COVID wards, remote working) played different roles in predicting quality of life, insomnia, and coping attitude. Active, Planning, and Acceptance were the most frequently adopted coping strategies. Despite women confirming their attitude in reacting to the difficulties, adopting emotion-focused coping strategies, they showed a higher probability to develop insomnia, so a gender perspective should be considered in the health protection of this working category. An integrated approach should be implemented at individual, interpersonal and organizational levels aiming to monitor psychological distress, favor regular sharing and communication between peers, and also allow conciliation of work with family life. At the organizational level, preventive and protective measures adequate to work-related risk to COVID-19 should be adopted.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, became a pandemic in a few months, leading to extraordinary risks to human beings [1].Despite the majority of infected subjects having a moderate illness and about 10–15% of patients developing grave complications [2], until 21 October 2021, about 4.9 million deaths were declared, with over 241 million cases confirmed globally [3].Int
Chronbach’s alpha: EQ–5 D Index 0.59; Athens Insomnia Scale 0.86; while for the different coping strategies we found Active 0.70; Planning 0.74; Positive Reframing 0.70; Acceptance
This study investigated the quality of life and insomnia among hospital personnel during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy
Summary
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, became a pandemic in a few months, leading to extraordinary risks to human beings [1].Despite the majority of infected subjects having a moderate illness and about 10–15% of patients developing grave complications [2], until 21 October 2021, about 4.9 million deaths were declared, with over 241 million cases confirmed globally [3].Int. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, became a pandemic in a few months, leading to extraordinary risks to human beings [1]. Despite the majority of infected subjects having a moderate illness and about 10–15% of patients developing grave complications [2], until 21 October 2021, about 4.9 million deaths were declared, with over 241 million cases confirmed globally [3].
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