Quality Management of Building Materials and Building Productions Based on the Using of Real Estimates of Measurement Accuracy

Abstract

The most important direction of quality improvement in construction is to increase the accuracy of measurements of parameters of building products and construction products, as well as the parameters of the technological process of construction and of production of building materials. Currently used standard estimates of measurement accuracy provide guaranteed but underestimated accuracy estimates. Although in fact, with the correct measurement methods and the use of a posteriori information, it is possible to build more realistic estimates of accuracy. The accuracy of such estimates is several times higher than the accuracy of standard estimates. The article investigated the problem of increasing the accuracy of measurements through the use of a posteriori information. An example of the application of the Bayesian approach in the conditions of the possibility of obtaining additional information and its use in order to build effective estimates of measurement accuracy is presented. It is assumed that the measurement result is the sum of the actual value of the parameter being measured and the measurement error. For the case of a uniform distribution of the real value of the measured parameter and measurement error, explicit analytical formulas were obtained for the differential distribution function of the measurement result and the conditional distribution of the real value for a known measurement result. These analytical dependencies, obtained as a result of integrating fractional rational expressions, are composite functions, which in different parts of the argument are specified using different analytical formulas. The analysis of the obtained analytical dependencies. Using numerical integration, we plotted the dependence of the square of the standard deviation of the real value of the measured parameter on the observed value of the random variable. It is shown that in the case when the standard deviation of the measuring device is less than three times or more than the standard deviation of the actual value of the parameter, the use of a posteriori information allows us to construct more realistic estimates of accuracy. The accuracy of the measurements can be obtained several times higher. It is noted that in the case of normal and exponential distribution of the real value and measurement error, the use of a posteriori information does not lead to an increase in measurement accuracy. The results obtained can be applied in the development of measurement methods, in the development of methods for verification and calibration of measurement instruments.