Abstract
Yarn quality influences both fabric production processes efficiency and export market. One method used to gauge competitiveness of an industry is to study its product quality. The aim of this research work is to evaluate the quality of Ethiopian textile spinning mills’ 100% cotton carded ring spun yarns in terms of its evenness (coefficient of mass variation, CVm), imperfections (thick and thin places, neps), and tensile properties with USTER Statistics 2018. Five spinning mills (B3, A0, A2, A4, and K3) of 15N, 20Ne, 25Ne, 30Ne, 35Ne, and 40Ne nominal yarn counts have been selected for the study. The yarn evenness and imperfections were measured using USTER tester 5 and tensile using a STATIMAT tester. The USTER statistical results showed 20.3Ne (mill B3), 32Ne (mill A4), and 36.2Ne (mill A2) had better overall quality, respectively. It was observed that most selected spinning mills had low evenness, imperfections, yarn strength, and good yarn elongation. Tensile properties of A2 (32.85Ne and 36.2Ne) had fallen under 5% USTER statistics percentile which indicates excellent yarn strength. Generally, from studied mills, it was seen that 61.5% of cotton yarn CVm and thin places falls at above 95% and 15% of yarn tenacity falls at ≤5% of Uster statistical percentile.
Highlights
In recent years, textile industry has seen a major economy growth in developing countries. e Ethiopian government has given priority to the textile and garment manufacturing sector starting from the last two decades to diversify the exports because it is environmentally suitable to grow cotton and there is cheap manpower
In USTER statistics, a yarn whose all quality characteristics of USTER statistics mean values lie below 25% is referred as excellent-quality yarn that is made from an extremely expensive and special raw material
Materials. irteen 100% cotton carded ring spun yarn samples were collected from five textile spinning mills in Ethiopia. e mills were selected based on their age, high production capacity, wide range of yarn count, and location that can represent different regions of Ethiopia
Summary
Textile industry has seen a major economy growth in developing countries. e Ethiopian government has given priority to the textile and garment manufacturing sector starting from the last two decades to diversify the exports because it is environmentally suitable to grow cotton and there is cheap manpower. Existing textile mills in the country are almost based on cotton; the quality of raw material is not satisfying the growing demand [1]. E quality of yarn is determined by the constituent fibre properties that can be used to forecast partially the physical properties of yarn and the success of spinning [2]. E Ethiopian spinning mills produce three types of cotton yarn: combed, carded, and open end with the yarn count ranging from 10 s to 20 s on open end and up to 60 s count in the ring frame with the available technology [4]. Machine parameters, operation stages, processing conditions, and the physical characteristics of fibre determine its processing behaviour, production efficiency, and final yarn and fabric quality [6].
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