Abstract
This study was aimed at understanding diabetes knowledge, health beliefs, and behaviors among type 2 diabetes patients in Balinese rural areas. The study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) in applied thematic analysis. It involved semi-structured focus groups with 20 patients (M = 49.95 years old, SD 6.7). Three themes formulated: poor diabetes knowledge, diabetes perceived as a life burden, and the factors affecting self-efficacy in practicing healthy lifestyle. The poor diabetes knowledge was due to traditional indigenous beliefs and low health literacy. The perception that diabetes is a life burden was related with physical and psychological condition. The factors affecting the self-efficacy were the perceived barriers and external influence. It is need to understand the traditional indigenous beliefs, burdens, and lacking internal intention as the modifying factors of health beliefs. This study suggests that the development of integrated health promotion of diabetes should consider the HBM’s modifying factors in rural areas.
Highlights
The number of adults with type 2 diabetes in the world is estimated to have reached 422 million in 2014 [1]
This study was aimed at understanding diabetes knowledge, health beliefs, and behaviors among type 2 diabetes patients in Balinese rural areas
The poor diabetes knowledge was due to traditional indigenous beliefs and low health literacy
Summary
The number of adults with type 2 diabetes in the world is estimated to have reached 422 million in 2014 [1]. Indonesia experiences an epidemiological transition with increasing cases of non-communicable diseases every year, especially in the eastern provinces of Indonesia, Java and Bali [4]. This condition is exacerbated by difficulties in developing the preventive and curative health care system [3]. Since they have a low level of education and do not have enough information about diabetes, they cannot detect their disease
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