Purkinje cell abnormalities and synaptogenesis in genetically jaundiced rats (Gunn rats)

Abstract

The course of cytological abnormalities and synaptogenesis of Purkinje cells were investigated in the culmen of cerebella from homozygous Gunn rats with hereditary hyperbilirubinemia from postnatal day 7 to adulthood (5–10 months old). The affected Purkinje cells were abundant at day 7. A large number of Purkinje cells reached the fully advanced stage of degeneration during the ensuing 16 days and disappeared between days 12 and 30. The Purkinje cells remaining at day 30 were less affected and recovered by the adult stage. Various abnormalities in Purkinje cell synaptogenesis with the parallel fibers, climbing fibers, and basket and stellate cell axons were observed. Primitive junctions between parallel fibers and Purkinje dendritic shafts were often found in adulthood. The parallel fiber boutons lacking postsynaptic partners and facing astrocytic processes were often noted from day 18 to adulthood. The persistence of such presynaptic elements suggests some mechanisms for stabilizing the synaptic elements once they have been formed. Many of the parallel fiber synaptic boutons with or without their postsynaptic partners were enlarged and were assumed to be transsynaptically affected by Purkinje cell damage. A number of climbing fiber synapses with perisomatic processes of Purkinje cells, which are transient in normal synaptogenesis, were present at day 30 and a few of them were still found even in adulthood. Basket and stellate cell synapses were often found in abundance on the remaining Purkinje cells in adulthood, though they were not frequently encountered during the developmental period.