PTCA in the Elderly: The “Young‐Old” versus the “Old‐Old”

Abstract

To evaluate the use of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in elderly coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. A prospective study of patients 60 years and older undergoing de novo PTCA. We analyze patient risk factors, underlying disease, and clinical outcomes, with at least 3-year follow-up. Comparisons between different age strata among these patients are made to clarify differences between the young old (60 to 69 years), the middle old (70 to 79 years), and the very old (80 years and older). Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, both a primary care and tertiary care teaching hospital. 907 consecutive elderly cardiac patients referred for PTCA are studied. PTCA's were completed using the newest catheter technologies as they became available. All patients were premedicated with aspirin and dipyridamole, and all were anticoagulated with heparin. Subdivision by age demonstrates that the majority (67%) of patients aged 60 to 69 were males, but females were preponderant (61%) in those aged 80 and older. Octogenarians also had lower incidence of hypercholesterolemia, tobacco use, and family history of CAD, and a higher frequency of CHF, angina, and previous MI. Although total procedure-complications increased with age, critical complications (MI, reocclusion, CABG, death) did not. Primary procedural success was similar in all age strata, but older patients had a higher prevalence of multi-vessel disease and longer hospital stay. Follow-up shows that most patients did well after PTCA; there was no increase in repeat PTCA, CABG, and MI with age. While advanced age is associated with changes in risk and clinical parameters for CAD patients, age alone is not a reasonable criterion to limit the use of PTCA.