Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Caregiver-Centered Communication Questionnaire (CCCQ) in caregivers of cancer patients

BackgroundEducational leadership plays a crucial role in the development of nursing students, significantly enhancing their clinical skills and preparing them to lead advancements in healthcare. This comprehensive educational approach ensures that nursing students are well-equipped to address contemporary healthcare challenges effectively.AimThis study aimed to translate the Educational Leadership Scale for Nursing Students into Persian and evaluate its psychometric properties among Iranian nursing students.MethodsThis cross-sectional methodological study was conducted in two phases: translation and cultural adaptation, followed by psychometric evaluation. After obtaining permission from the original scale developer, the scale was translated into Persian using the Pilot and Yang model. Face and content validity were assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Construct validity was evaluated through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A convenience sample of 469 nursing students from nursing faculties in Kermanshah Province, Iran, completed the questionnaire. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients. Test–retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in a subsample of 47 nursing students.ResultsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the three-factor structure of the Persian version of the instrument, with 19 items accounting for 63.80% of the total variance. The model fit was excellent, as shown by the CFI, GFI, TLI, RMSEA, and SRMR values. The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency reliability, with Cronbach's alpha at 0.924 and McDonald's omega at 0.923. The ICC for the total score was 0.924 (95% CI: 0.910–0.936).ConclusionThe results of the present study indicate that the Persian version of the Educational Leadership Scale for Nursing Students possesses acceptable psychometric properties. The results of face, content, and construct validity, along with reliability indices (including internal consistency and test–retest reliability), indicate that this instrument is an effective tool for evaluating educational leadership characteristics among Iranian nursing students. However, to further confirm the validity and reliability of this scale, future studies with larger and more diverse samples of nursing students, including those in clinical settings, are recommended. Furthermore, examining the criterion validity and discriminant validity of this instrument could contribute to a better understanding of its psychometric characteristics.

Professional socialization is a critical process that influences hospital nurses' professional identity, competence, and ethical standards, ultimately impacting the quality of patient care. This study aimed to translate the Professional Socialization Scale (PSS) for Hospital Nurses into Persian and evaluate its psychometric properties among Iranian nurses. A cross-sectional methodological study was conducted in two phases: translation and psychometric evaluation. A stratified sample of 511 nurses from both public and private hospitals in Kermanshah City, Iran, participated in the study. The scale was translated into Persian using the Douglas and Craig model, and its content and face validity were assessed. Construct validity was evaluated through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The internal consistency of the scale was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients, while test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The PSS scale maintained the meaning of the original English version and was clear and understandable for hospital nurses. In qualitative face validity, one item changed slightly and all items were retained in the quantitative face validity assessment. Each item's content validity ratio ranges from 0.71 to 1, the Item content validity index ranges from 0.79 to 1, while the Scale-level Content Validity Index was 0.89. The EFA and CFA confirmed a four-factor structure of the Persian version of the scale, with 21 items explaining 67.72% of the total variance. The model fit indices indicated excellent model fit. The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.908, McDonald's omega = 0.904) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.908). The Persian version of the PSS for Hospital Nurses is a valid and reliable instrument. Nursing managers should facilitate the professional socialization process for nurses. This scale can be used to assess the socialization of nurses and guide their career development.

This study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the CDPQOL questionnaire, a coeliac disease (CD)-specific paediatric health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument (CDPQOL), in Spanish children with CD. The CDPQOL questionnaire has two versions for children aged 8-12 and 13-18. Translation and linguistic validation were performed following an international consensus process. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients, and convergent validity was assessed with average variance extracted (AVE). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), when necessary, were carried out to assess the construct validity. A total of 235 children were included. In the 8-12 age group, a change in the distribution of items to a new structure of three dimensions (negative emotions, food feelings and social interaction) was required. In this new model, CFA supported the fit of the model (χ2/gl = 1.79, RMSEA = 0.077 (IC 95% 0.05-0.100), CFI = 0.969, TLI 0.960, SRMR = 0.081) and Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients were > 0.7 in all three dimensions. In the 13-18 age group, CFA showed that all fit indexes were acceptable (χ2/gl = 1.702, RMSEA = 0.102 (IC 95% 0.077-0.127), p < 0.001, CFI = 0.956, TLI = 0.947, SRMR = 0.103) and Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients were > 0.7 in all three dimensions, except for uncertainty dimension. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the CDPQOL questionnaire is a useful instrument to assess quality of life in coeliac children whose native language was Spanish spoken in Spain, with changes in item distribution in the younger age group questionnaire. What is Known: • The first specific questionnaire for coeliac children, Dutch Coeliac Disease Questionnaire (CDDUX), which focuses on diet, was translated into Spanish and validated allowing to evaluate the HRQoL of Spanish coeliac children. • Spanish Children and parents feel the disease had no substantial negative impacts on patient HRQoL using this questionnaire, similar to that observed with other countries. What is New: • The age specific for CD children (CDPQOL) was elaborated in the USA and focuses on other aspects not evaluated by CDDUX such as emotional and social issues related to living with CD. • The CDPQOL was translated into Spanish and validated allowing it to be used to assess Spanish coeliac children's QoL.

BackgroundSocial media has become an indispensable part of contemporary young people's lives, and the influence of social media on college students' eating and other health-related behaviors has become increasingly prominent. However, there is no assessment tool to determine the effects of social media on Chinese college students' eating behavior. This study aims to translate the Scale of Effects of Social Media on Eating Behaviour (SESMEB) into Chinese. Its applicability to Chinese college students was examined through reliability and validity indexes, and the influencing factors of SESMEB were explored.MethodsThe questionnaire survey included 2374 Chinese college students. The Brislin translation model was used to translate the original scale into Chinese. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to test the construct validity of the scale, and the content validity of the scale was assessed through the content validity index. The internal consistency of the scale was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, McDonald's Omega coefficient, split-half reliability, and test–retest reliability. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify potential influences on the effects of social media on eating behavior.ResultsEFA supported the one-factor structure, and the factor loadings of each item on this dimension were higher than 0.40. CFA showed good model fitness indexes. The content validity index of the scale was 0.94. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's Omega coefficient for the scale were 0.964, the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.953, and the test–retest reliability was 0.849. Gender, education, major, frequency of social media use, online sexual objectification experiences, fear of negative evaluations, and physical appearance perfectionism explained 73.8% of the variance in the effects of social media on eating behavior.ConclusionsThe Chinese version of the SESMEB has good psychometric properties and is a valid measurement tool for assessing the effects of social media on college students' eating behavior. Subjects who were female, highly educated, non-medical, had frequent social media use, online sexual objectification experiences, fear of negative evaluations, and physical appearance perfectionism used social media to have a higher impact on eating behavior.

The prevalence of depression in the community is high. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the information needs on depression in the community. This cross-sectional study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Depression Information Needs Scale (DINS) among the general population. The translation and assessment of the validity and reliability of the DINS were conducted from February 2022 to May 2023 in Gonabad, Iran. The inclusion criteria in this study were individuals 18 years or older, those living in Gonabad for 1 year or more, and participants who provided written informed consent. Sample sizes of 546 and 629 were used for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. The reliability of the DINS was examined using three methods: McDonald's omega coefficient, test-retest reliability, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Most participants were women, had a bachelor's degree, and were married. The values of 0.959 for scale content validity index averaging (S-CVI/Ave) and 0.817 for content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated. In the EFA section, four factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted and explained 63.861% of the variance. Only two items were not placed in related or acceptable factors and were deleted. Finally, based on the results of the goodness-of-fit indexes (e.g., RMSEA = 0.074, CFI = 0.944, NFI = 0.930, and GFI = 0.911), the scale was approved with 18 items and 4 factors: lived experience (4 items), general (facts about depression) (6 items), research and policies (4 items), and specific treatments (4 items). For all the DINS items, the McDonald's omega coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were 0.953, 0.950, and 0.957, respectively. The Persian version of the DINS was validated with 18 items and 4 factors, and this scale can be used to assess depression information needs in the general public and specific groups.

Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental disorders. This cross-sectional research aimed to determine anxiety literacy (A-Lit) psychometric properties among the Iranian population in 2022. This research was conducted on 690 people in Iran in 2022. In this study, people were selected by proportional stratified sampling, and the validity and reliability of the A-Lit designed by Griffiths were assessed. Validity of A-Lit was assessed by face validity, content validity, and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability of A-Lit was evaluated by the McDonald's omega coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and test- retest. In analytical sections, the tests of One-way ANOVA, Chi-squared test, and independent samples t-test were used. The rates of S-CVI/Ave and CVR for A-Lit were 0.922 and 0.774, respectively. In confirmatory factor analysis, three items were deleted because the factor loading was less than 0.4, and goodness-of-fit indexes (Some of goodness-of-fit indexes: χ2/df = 4.175, GFI: 0.909, RMSEA = 0.068, PCFI = 0.745, AGFI = 0.883) were confirmed as the final model with 19 items. For all items, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.832, the McDonald's omega coefficient was 0.835, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.874. According to the results of this study, 1.3% (n = 9) did not answer any questions correctly and 8.4% (n = 58) were able to answer 1-6 questions correctly. Approximately 72% (n = 495) were able to answer 7-12 questions, and eventually only 18.6% (n = 128) were able to answer 13 questions and more. There was a significant relationship between sex, age group, occupation status, marital status, and get information related to mental illness with A-Lit level (p < 0.05). The Persian version of A-Lit was confirmed with 19 items, and this scale is a reliable tool for measuring A-Lit in the general population. The results also showed that a few people have a higher level of anxiety literacy and that educational and intervention programs need to be designed and implemented for the public population.

Antecedentes. El Índice de Bienestar (WHO-5) es un instrumento para medir bienestar general o síntomas depresivos en diferentes contextos y poblaciones. No obstante, el desempeño psicométrico de los instrumentos necesita revisión periódica. Objetivo. Revisar algunos indicadores del desempeño psicométrico del WHO-5, dimensionalidad y consistencia interna, en adolescentes escolarizados de Santa Marta, Colombia. Se diseñó un estudio metodológico en el que participaron 1.462 estudiantes de décimo y undécimo grado de colegios oficiales y privados, quienes diligenciaron el WHO-5. Se incluyeron estudiantes entre 13 y 17 años (M=16,0; DE=0,8), 60,3% de sexo femenino, y 55,3% de décimo grado. Se calculó la consistencia interna mediante los coeficientes de alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald y se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) para corroborar la dimensionalidad. La consistencia interna mostró valores alfa de y omega de McDonald de 0,82. En el AFC se corroboró la estructura unidimensional del WHO-5 al observarse indicadores de bondad de ajuste dentro de los parámetros esperados (chi cuadrado=34,41; gl=5; p=0,001; RMSEA=0,063 (IC90% 0,044-0,084); CFI=0,988; TLI=0,975 y SRMR=0,018). El WHO-5 muestra alta consistencia interna y estructura unidimensional para la exploración de bienestar general en adolescentes escolarizados. Se necesita corroborar estos hallazgos en poblaciones con otras características demográficas.

Background/Objectives: The complexity of modern healthcare requires teamwork. Healthcare teams must be cohesive to ensure efficient and quality care. The objective of this study was to validate the Spanish short version of the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) in undergraduate nursing students undergoing clinical simulation training. Methods: The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were analyzed. We began with a statistical analysis of the items. Internal consistency was assessed using McDonald's omega coefficient. Test-retest reliability was determined using Spearman's correlation coefficient. An exploratory factor analysis was performed using the principal components analysis method with varimax rotation. Finally, a confirmatory factor analysis of the proposed theoretical models was performed to select the most appropriate one using the weighted least squares method adjusted for mean and variance (WLSMV) and goodness-of-fit indices. Results: The questionnaire items showed a standard deviation higher than 1 and a negative skewness lower than 0.5. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were higher than 0.8. The item-total correlation coefficient values were above 0.44. The exploratory factor analysis confirmed the presence of four factors, each with three items. Confirmatory factor analysis determined that the four-factor cohesion model was the one that obtained the best fit. Conclusions: The Spanish short version of the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) is a valid and reliable instrument for analyzing group cohesion in teams of nursing students undergoing clinical simulation training.

Identifying the training needs of critical care nurses is crucial for enhancing their performance and optimizing patient outcomes. This process requires a comprehensive understanding of their specific knowledge gaps and skill deficiencies. Therefore, a reliable and validated tool is necessary to assess these needs effectively. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Training Needs of Critical Care Nurses Scale (TNCCNS) in Iran. This cross-sectional methodological study evaluated the Persian version of the TNCCNS using a convenience sample of 676 intensive care unit nurses from hospitals in Kermanshah, Hamadan, and Tabriz. The study was conducted in two phases: translation and cultural adaptation, followed by an assessment of the psychometric properties of the Persian version. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the construct validity of the instrument. Additionally, internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients, while test-retest reliability was evaluated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 27) and LISREL (version 8). Statistical significance for all analyses was set at p < 0.05. The results of the EFA and CFA confirmed the thirteen-factor structure with 66 items, explaining 62.337% of the total variance. CFA indicated a good model fit (RMSEA = 0.056, CFI = 0.92, NNFI / TLI = 0.94, GFI = 0.98, SRMR = 0.046, χ²/df = 2.25). Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between each subscale score and the overall scale score. The scale demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.912, McDonald's omega = 0.902) and strong stability (ICC = 0.912, 95% CI: 0.900-0.924). The Persian TNCCNS has demonstrated robust validity and reliability, establishing itself as a valuable tool for assessing the training needs of ICU nurses in Iran. Its validation carries significant implications for both research and practice, offering a robust framework for evaluating the educational requirements of Iranian critical care nurses and the effectiveness of existing training programs. Furthermore, these findings provide essential guidance for educational administrators and policymakers in designing targeted interventions that enhance nursing competencies and improve patient care outcomes in ICU settings. Not applicable.

This study was conducted to culturally adapt the Epilepsy-Related Apathy Scale in Adults with Epilepsy (E-RAS) to Turkish and to assess its psychometric properties in adult epilepsy patients. A total of 172 epilepsy patients receiving care at the Neurology clinic and outpatient clinic of Fırat University Hospital from February to July 2023 were included in this methodological investigation. The E-RAS was translated into Turkish, and its content and construct validity were thoroughly examined. Construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Reliability was evaluated through item analyses, internal consistency analysis, composite reliability coefficient, and mean explained variance analysis. The factor loadings of the scale items ranged from 0.66 to 0.89. The fit index values of the scale were X2 = 467.09, df = 245 (p <0.05), X2/df = 1.9, RMSEA = 0.073, CFI = 0.97, RMR = 0.046, SRMR = 0.057, TLI = 0.97, and AIC = 557.09. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the sub-dimensions of the scale ranged from 0.880 to 0.992, and the total Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.928. The total McDonald's omega coefficient was 0.916, and the McDonald's omega coefficients of the sub-dimensions ranged from 0.880 to 0.947. The Turkish form of the 24-item and 4-sub-dimensional scale was validated without any changes to the original scale form. The Turkish adaptation of E-RAS is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring apathy in adult epilepsy patients. Its use in clinical practice is strongly recommended. The E-RAS scale can be used to assess apathy in adults with epilepsy. The was determined that the adapted Turkish form had a similar structure to the original scale. It was determined that the E-RAS scale is valid and reliable in Turkish culture. The fact that the Turkish adaptation of the scale is similar to the original structure and other adapted cultures is a factor that facilitates its use and acceptance in international comparisons. The scale can be used to assess apathy in adults with epilepsy.

The rise of gaming as a dominant form of entertainment has raised global concerns over problematic use, prompting the need for culturally adapted assessment tools. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) and the Gaming Disorder Scale for Young Adults (GADIS-YA) among Indian university students. A total of 454 participants completed the GDT, GADIS-YA, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). We assessed internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The GDT and GADIS-YA demonstrated good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients at 0.88 and 0.93, respectively. CFA supported a one-factor structure for GDT and a two-factor structure for GADIS-YA. Measurement invariance was confirmed across gender and gaming time, with significant correlations observed with IGDS9-SF and DASS-21. These findings indicate that GDT and GADIS-YA have satisfactory psychometric properties among young Indian adults. The findings contribute to the growing body of evidence on gaming disorder (GD) prevalence and a reliable instrument for assessing it in India. Healthcare professionals can utilize the GDT and GADIS-YA to assess GD for preventing and reducing of gaming problem among young adults.

BackgroundMost medical organizations accept many nursing students each year who gain clinical practice skills under the supervision of clinical nurses. However, there are no assessment tools to measure the contributions nursing students make to the clinical setting during clinical practicum. This study aimed to translate the 'Nursing Student Contributions to Clinical Settings' scale into Chinese and test its reliability and validity from the perspective of Chinese clinical nurses. And to explore whether nurses' personal and professional characteristics are related to nurses' perception of nursing students' contributions to the clinical settings.MethodsThe original scale was translated into Chinese following the Brislin translation model. A convenience sample of 935 clinical nurses was selected from January to March 2024 for the survey. The content validity of the scale was assessed by expert consultation and content validity index. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to assess the construct validity of the scale. The reliability of the scale was measured using internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test–retest reliability. The measurement quality of the scales was assessed according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments. One-way analysis of variance was used to identify variables related to students’ contributions.ResultsThe content validity index of the scale was 0.983. Exploratory factor analysis supported a one-factor structure, and the cumulative variance contribution was 71.177%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit indicators were all within the acceptable range. The McDonald's Omega coefficient and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the scale were 0.983. Nurses perceive that nursing students' contribution to the clinical settings is influenced by nurses' personal characteristics, professional characteristics, and the hospital environment.ConclusionThe Chinese version of the Nursing Student Contributions to Clinical Settings scale has good reliability and validity and can effectively and reliably measure the contributions of Chinese nursing students to clinical settings.

Validation of the mild cognitive impairment health literacy assessment scale (MCI-HLA scale) in middle-aged and older adults.

This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Farsi version of the Electroconvulsive Therapy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (ERAQ). This methodological study was conducted among patients undergoing or with a history of Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) in Mashhad, Iran, during 2024-2025. Data were collected using a demographic profile form and the ERAQ. The questionnaire was translated into Farsi using the forward-backward translation method, and its face and content validity were assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. To evaluate construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (n = 150) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 150) were performed. Convergent validity was examined using Composite Reliability and Average Variance Extracted values, while discriminant validity was assessed through the Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio. Reliability was determined by estimating internal consistency through Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients. During exploratory factor analysis, item 9 was removed because its factor loading was less than 0.30, and the remaining 16 items were distributed across three factors: life disruption, socio-physical disruption, and memory disruption, which collectively explained 45% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a good fit for the proposed model. All composite reliability, maximum reliability, and heterotrait-monotrait ratios supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the ERAQ. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients confirmed the acceptable internal consistency of the Farsi version of the ERAQ. Based on the findings of this study, the Farsi version of the ERAQ demonstrates sufficient validity and reliability to assess anxiety symptoms associated with ECT in the Iranian population.

BackgroundThe Social Emotional Distress Scale-Secondary (SEDS-S) is a short measure designed for comprehensive school-based mental health screening, particularly for using very brief self-reported measures of well-being and distress. Whereas prior studies have shown validity and reliability evidence for the English version, there is a lack of literature about its psychometric properties for Spanish-speaking youths.ObjectiveTo examine the psychometric properties of the SEDS-S in a large sample of Spanish adolescents, providing evidence of its reliability, structure, convergent and discriminant validity, longitudinal and gender measurement invariance, and normative data.MethodsParticipants were 5550 adolescents aged 12–18 years old. Test–retest reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients, and evidence for convergent and discriminant validity was measured using Pearson’s correlation. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine structure validity, while multigroup and longitudinal measurement invariance analysis was conducted for longitudinal and gender latent structure stability.ResultsThe CFA supported a unidimensional latent structure, which was also observed to be invariant between gender groups and over time. The scale showed evidence of reliability, with coefficients above .85. In addition, the SEDS-S score was positively related to measures assessing distress and negatively related to measures assessing well-being, thereby providing convergent/discriminant validity of the total scores.ConclusionThis study provides the first evidence of the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the SEDS-S for assessing emotional distress among adolescents, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Furthermore, findings indicated that SEDS-S could be a suitable assessment tool for screening and program evaluation purposes at different contexts beyond the school setting.