Psychometric characteristics of the decision‐making ability scale among high school students

Abstract

AbstractThe process of decision‐making is a multifaceted cognitive endeavor encompassing various cognitive, emotional, psychological, and social processes. It empowers individuals to select from a range of alternatives. Its significance spans across age groups, impacting both adults and children, and the relevance of which goes beyond aiding learners in choosing their educational or professional paths; it also pertains to preparing them to navigate the diverse situations they will encounter throughout their lives. To approach this ability, we developed a scale comprising 20 items, assessing five distinct decision‐making factors. This scale was administered to a sample of 303 learners in the first and second years of the baccalaureate course (pre‐final and final years of secondary education), representing both genders, and studying in four high schools. The participants’ ages ranged between 16 and 20 years. The results of this study revealed positive psychometric properties of the scale after its apparent validity was verified. Additionally, principal component analysis, using a latent root criterion greater than one (Eigenvalue > 1), and performing Varimax rotation, resulted in five factors that represent decision‐making styles (dependent, avoidant, confident, rational, intuitive) that explain 53.67% of the total variance. Through the application of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the outcomes showcased favorable conformity indicators. The ratio of chi‐square value to degrees of freedom was recorded at less than 5 (x²/df = 1.531). The RMSEA index, at 0.041, remained below the accepted threshold of 0.08. The metrics (CFI, TLI, GFI, IFI) all surpassed 0.90, falling within acceptable ranges. Strong internal consistency between item scores and their respective factors was established by Pearson coefficients. The correlation coefficients between each factor's score and the total scale score were robust, ranging from 0.483 to 0.727. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the scale's factors ranged from 0.788 (highest) to 0.723 (lowest), with an overall scale stability coefficient of 0.748. These high coefficients collectively confirm the scale's validity, reliability, and appropriateness for implementation within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.