Psychiatric disorders in female psychosexual disorders\u2014a nationwide, cohort study in Taiwan

Nian-Sheng Tzeng,Wu-Chien Chien,Chi-Hsiang Chung,Iau-Jin Lin

doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03060-1

Abstract

We aimed to investigate whether females with psychosexual disorders were associated with the risk of affective and other psychiatric disorders. A total of 2240 enrolled individuals, with 560 patients with psychosexual disorders and 1680 subjects without psychosexual disorders (1:3) matched for age and index year, from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), between 2000 and 2015 in Taiwan. The multivariate Cox regression model was used to compare the risk of developing psychiatric disorders during the 15 years of follow-up. There were 98 in the cohort with psychosexual disorders (736.07 per 100,000 person-year) and 119 in the non-cohort without psychosexual disorders (736.07 per 100,000 person-year) that developed psychiatric disorders. The multivariate Cox regression model revealed that the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 9.848 (95% CI = 7.298 — 13.291, p < 0.001), after the adjustment of age, monthly income, urbanization level, geographic region, and comorbidities. Female patients with psychosexual disorders were associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders. This finding could be a reminder for clinicians about the mental health problems in patients with psychosexual disorders.

Highlights

Psychosexual disorders could be classified into sexual dysfunctions, paraphilias, and gender identity disorders [1, 2], and these psychosexual disorders are regarded as part of the psychiatric disorders [3]
The present study has used the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to identify the inpatients with a discharge diagnosis of psychosexual disorders based on the ICD-9-CM codes, including sexual dysfunctions, paraphilia, and gender identity disorders, during 2000–2015
Sample characteristics There was no significant difference between these two cohorts in age, marital status, education, insured monthly premiums, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores

Summary

Introduction

Psychosexual disorders could be classified into sexual dysfunctions, paraphilias, and gender identity disorders [1, 2], and these psychosexual disorders are regarded as part of the psychiatric disorders [3]. Previous studies have shown that female patients with psychosexual disorders, such as sexual dysfunctions, Several researchers have shown the neurodevelopmental interlinks between the psychosexual and psychiatric disorders: Sex differences in the microglial function might partially explain the differences observed in susceptibilities and outcomes of the neuropsychiatric disorders in men and women [6]. Gender dysphoria may have several genes involved in the sex hormone–signaling in the brains [9]. It is essential to better understand the mutual relationship between female patients with psychosexual disorders and their psychiatric morbidity. These psychiatric disorders might well contribute to the distress, disability, or an increased risk of suffering death, pain, or disability, and consequent behavioral, psychological, or biological dysfunctions [3, 17]. Several neurodevelopmental, endocrine and psychological factors could be the linkage between psychosexual and psychiatric disorders

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