Psihološka dobrobit (ne)glazbenika: doprinos osobina ličnosti i funkcija slušanja glazbe

Understanding mental well-being in the face of adversity: a scientific exploration in eating disorder patients

In recent years, increased awareness of the psychological wellbeing of healthcare professionals and students has become a pressing public health issue affecting care delivery. Medical students undergo rigorous training programs that can affect their psychological wellbeing. Despite increased awareness of mental health issues among medical students, research often focuses on negative aspects, overlooking potential positive contributors to wellbeing. This study aims to explore both negative and positive factors influencing medical students' psychological wellbeing, considering coping strategies and personality traits to inform targeted support measures for diverse student needs. A mixed-methods approach was employed to investigate medical students' psychological wellbeing, coping strategies, and personality traits. Quantitative data was gathered via self-report questionnaires and analysed using regression models. Additionally, qualitative insights were obtained from semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically to capture students' perceptions and experiences. The analysis revealed moderate to high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among medical students, along with decreased life satisfaction. Regression analysis showed that problem-focused coping positively impacted medical students' psychological wellbeing, whereas emotion-focused and avoidance coping showed less favourable effects. Notably, problem-focused coping partially mediated the relationship between stress and depression. Furthermore, personality traits, particularly agreeableness and conscientiousness, played a pivotal role in shaping medical students' coping strategies and mental health outcomes. Based on thematic analysis, codes gave rise to three overarching themes and corresponding subthemes. The study underscores the significance of addressing both positive and negative factors impacting medical students' wellbeing and highlights the need for tailored support considering individual personality traits that influence coping strategies and mental health. It also identifies challenges within medical education, emphasising the necessity for stress management programs, mental health support, and curricula promoting problem-solving skills. Prioritising medical students' wellbeing may not only foster good mental health among future professionals but may also enhance future healthcare quality.

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has had a strong psychological impact on the Italian population. Italy was heavily affected by the virus before other countries in Europe, experiencing the highest number of deaths. Unknown symptoms in the early stages of the pandemic and the absence of clear transmission links affected people’s wellbeing. Individual personality differences played a key role in perceived psychological wellbeing during the pandemic. The present exploratory study sought to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on psychological health and identify how psychological wellbeing is influenced by personality traits. A total of 2103 participants (64% female and 36% male) completed an online survey that included the Psychological General Wellbeing Index (PGWBI), the Italian Short Personality Inventory (ITAPI), and a general questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regressions were performed using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) (The findings showed poor psychological wellbeing in the Italian population. Young people reported the lowest scores. Vulnerability traits negatively influenced some PGWBI domains, such as the total score (β = −0.62), anxiety (β = −0.55), depression (β = −0.46), positivity and wellbeing (β = −0.51), vitality (β = −0.45), general health (β = −0.12), and self-control (β = −0.52). On the other hand, dynamism traits positively affected vitality (β = 0.12) and positivity and wellbeing (β = 0.14). In other words, personality factors related to vulnerability in particular created risk, whereas dynamism offered protection. The results highlight how COVID-19 helped to trigger anxious and depressive states. People feel helpless and vulnerable when facing new, unexpected conditions caused by the virus. These findings may assist mental healthcare professionals in safeguarding psychological wellbeing during emergencies such as the pandemic.

Numerous research studies have shown that teaching profession is one of those most susceptible to stress. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there are also some additional aggravating circumstances which might be considered stress factors among teachers, primarily a low socio-economic status and forced adaptation to systematic school changes. Moreover, teachers are often victims of a social and moral crisis as well as of the changed roles in education. This paper aims to provide an insight into the current state of teachers' mental health, the presence of stress and stress factors, and to investigate whether and to what extent personality traits and social and economic factors are significant predictors of teachers' perception of stress and their mental health. The following instruments were used: BIG 5, Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI) and Mental Health Inventory (MHI). The sample comprised 181 teachers working in state elementary and high schools in B&H. The results indicate that a moderate level of stress is present among teachers. The stress sources are mainly professional limitations (M=2,56), the issue of discipline and students' motivation (M=2,46), and stress factors related to profession (M=2,47) – large classes, too much paperwork, too little time and money for preparation. The most common manifestations of stress are cardiovascular disorders (M=2,02), fatigue (M=1,91) and emotional disorders (M=1,87). Statistically significant correlations were found between personality traits of extroversion of comfort, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness, ranging from 0,169 to 0,381. The strongest correlation existed between neuroticism and extroversion. Neuroticism was mainly found to correlate positively with the subscales of stress and stress manifestations, while extroversion was in a negative correlation with stress perception and manifestation. In terms of the correlation between personality traits and MHI subscales, the correlation was in the range between 0,218 and 0,590, with the subscale of neuroticism showing moderately high correlation with anxiety, depression, behavior and emotional control, psychological instability, but also demonstrating negative correlation with psychological well-being, general positive affect and general mental health index. The regression analysis showed that the personality traits of neuroticism and extroversion, but also of conscientiousness, i.e., comfort, were significant predictors of teachers’ mental health and their stress perception. Neuroticism was a significant predictor of time management, professional limitations, discipline and motivation, but also of emotional manifestations of fatigue, cardiovascular disorders, and the total score on the scale of stress, anxiety, depression, the loss of emotional and behavior control, psychological instability, psychological well-being and mental health in general. Extroversion was a significant predictor of professional limitations, discipline and motivation, emotional manifestations, while consciousness significantly predicted gastrointestinal disorders, and comfort predicted depression, psychological instability and the index of mental health. Among social and economic factors, age was a significant predictor of emotional manifestation of stress, while working experience and level of education were significant predictors of gastrointestinal disorders. Keywords: personality traits, stress among teachers, teachers’ mental health.

The impact of Big Five personality traits on exercise motivation and mental health in college students: The mediating role of emotional intelligence.

University life is a critical period for personality development and psychological well-being. This study, which investigated the relationships between the Big Five personality traits, social support, and psychological well-being, particularly the mediation role of social support, has yielded significant findings. A total of 848 university students (570 females, 67.2%) were conveniently sampled in Taiwan. The results, which showed that female students scored significantly higher on conscientiousness, neuroticism, and social support than male students, with no gender differences for other traits and psychological well-being, provide valuable insights. The mediation analysis, when controlling for gender, demonstrated that social support only mediates the two personality traits (extraversion and agreeableness). Specifically, under the control of social support, the Big Five traits, except for agreeableness, still directly affect psychological well-being. Further, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness can directly affect students’ psychological well-being without being mediated by social support, while extraversion can affect psychological well-being in both direct and indirect pathways. Moreover, agreeableness can affect psychological well-being completely by an indirect pathway through social support. These findings not only contribute to the existing body of knowledge but also underscore the importance of personality traits and social support for higher education students’ mental health and adaptive functioning.

The Health and Well-Being of Caregivers of Children With Cerebral Palsy

This study delves into the shadowy world of vaguebooking and its influence on mental well- being. It investigates how personality characteristics interact with this social media behavior to affect a user's mental health. The researchers employed a quantitative approach, utilizing cross-sectional study design to uncover the relationships between these factors. This study used a purposive sampling technique and included 320 participants. The sample size was determined using an a priori sample size calculator. Data were obtained directly from social media platforms. Participants filled out three self-report measures: vaguebooking (Berryman, 2019), ten-item personality tests (Gosling, Rentfrow, and Swann, 2003), and a mental health inventory (Veit & Ware, 1983). Personality traits, vaguebooking, and mental health are inextricably linked, as revealed by the analysis, which employed sophisticated statistical software. The investigation identified substantial correlations between personality traits, mental health outcomes, and vaguebooking behaviors among social media users. The significance of inherent characteristics in shaping online activities and psychological well-being was underscored by the strong association between personality traits and both vaguebooking and mental health. Research shows vaguebooking mediates personality traits and mental health. Vaguebooking is also linked to poorer mental health. Psychological health and vaguebooking personality traits were statistically better for women than men. These findings highlight the complex role of social media habits in mediating psychological effects, emphasizing the importance of taking gender dynamics into account and addressing online communication patterns in mental health treatments. They also emphasize the importance of researching cultural influences on vaguebooking behavior and developing strategies to mitigate the negative consequences. By encouraging healthier online interactions, we can foster a more positive and supportive social media community.

This study aims to examine the interactions between gender, personality traits, and psychological well-being. The research was conducted using data obtained from 325 fitness athletes across 22 different fitness centers in Turkey. Participants ranged from 17 to 45 years old and had engaged in fitness activities for at least one year. Data were collected through both online and paper-based surveys. The study investigates the effects of personality dimensions such as extraversion and emotional stability on psychological well-being within the framework of the five-factor personality model. Findings reveal significant differences in the effects of gender on personality traits and psychological well-being, with male participants scoring significantly higher in extraversion and emotional stability than female participants. Moreover, it was concluded that the impact of gender on psychological well-being occurs indirectly through emotional stability and extraversion. These findings contribute significantly to understanding the role of gender in psychological well-being within the fitness context. The results indicate a need for further research on the effects of personality traits and gender identity on fitness experiences and psychological health.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the personality traits, emotional stability and mental health state of students in vocational and technical colleges of art under epidemic prevention and control based on latent trait–state theory.MethodsUsing the stratified sampling method, we selected 1569 students in vocational and technical colleges of art as research subjects. From 1 April 2022 to 5 April 2022, we conducted an online survey using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Adult Edition) (EPQA), Emotional Stability Self-Test Scale and University Personality Inventory (UPI) to analyse the relationship between the traits, emotional stability and mental health of students in vocational and technical colleges of art.ResultsFor the EPQA personality traits, boys had lower extraversion and introversion scores than girls (47.71 ± 11.23 vs 49.06 ± 10.74, p = 0.021). In terms of mental health, boys had lower scores than girls (12.20 ± 12.73 vs 14.64 ± 11.85, p< 0.001). There were significant grade differences in psychoticism and total mental health scores in terms of EPQA personality traits (P < 0.01). There were significant associations between all dimensions of personality traits, emotional stability and mental health (r = 0.68, 0.62, p < 0.01). Emotional stability plays a partial mediating role in the effects of neuroticism on mental health.ConclusionThere is a close relationship between personality traits, emotional stability and mental health. Under the condition of epidemic prevention and control, strengthening the management of the self-emotional stability of students in vocational and technical colleges of art is helpful in improving students’ mental health.

Despite the increase in awareness and support for mental health, college students’ mental health is reported to decline every year in many countries. Several interactive technologies for mental health have been proposed and are aiming to make therapeutic service more accessible, but most of them only provide one-way passive contents for their users, such as psycho-education, health monitoring, and clinical assessment. We present a robotic coach that not only delivers interactive positive psychology interventions but also provides other useful skills to build rapport with college students. Results from our on-campus housing deployment feasibility study showed that the robotic intervention showed significant association with increases in students’ psychological well-being, mood, and motivation to change. We further found that students’ personality traits were associated with the intervention outcomes as well as their working alliance with the robot and their satisfaction with the interventions. Also, students’ working alliance with the robot was shown to be associated with their pre-to-post change in motivation for better well-being. Analyses on students’ behavioral cues showed that several verbal and nonverbal behaviors were associated with the change in self-reported intervention outcomes. The qualitative analyses on the post-study interview suggest that the robotic coach’s companionship made a positive impression on students, but also revealed areas for improvement in the design of the robotic coach. Results from our feasibility study give insight into how learning users’ traits and recognizing behavioral cues can help an AI agent provide personalized intervention experiences for better mental health outcomes

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and cyberchondria in a sample of men and women. The study also examined the significance of Big Five personality traits as mediators of this relationship. Participants were 329 women and men aged 18 to 65 recruited online. We estimated BMI based on data provided by the participants about their height and current weight. The Ten-Item Personality Inventory was used to assess the Big Five personality traits. Cyberchondria was diagnosed using Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS). BMI correlated positively with emotional stability (opposite of neuroticism) and extraversion but negatively with cyberchondria. Emotional stability and extraversion correlated negatively with cyberchondria. Only BMI and emotional stability were good predictors of cyberchondria. Women scored lower on BMI and emotional stability scale but higher on the cyberchondria scale than men. The mediation analysis revealed a direct and indirect effects of BMI on cyberchondria through emotional stability as a mediator between BMI and cyberchondria. This study highlights the possible importance of the BMI for cyberchondria depending on individuals' emotional stability. These results may be useful for professionals dealing with a therapy for overweight/obese people as well as for problematic Internet users.

Adolescence is a critical developmental stage characterized by significant physiological, psychological changes. Adolescents' mental health is closely linked to their personal development, family well-being, and societal harmony. In the past decades, Chinese society has experienced significant changes in family structure, transitioning from a one-child policy to families with multiple children. This study examines the impact of family structure on adolescents in term of the mental health, personality traits, and behavioral characteristics, focusing on differences between only children and those with siblings. Gender differences are also discussed. A questionnaire on family and personal growth was sent on an online platform. 138 valid responses from adolescents were collected. The findings indicate that over 70% of participants experienced anxiety. Meanwhile 60% of the participants reported symptoms of depression and high stress levels. Female adolescents exhibited significantly higher anxiety and stress levels than males, and only children showed greater anxiety compared to those with siblings. However, the study challenges traditional stereotypes of only children, revealing no significant differences in overall personality or behavioral traits between compared to non-only children. Additionally, gender and family structure interact to shape psychological characteristics. For instance, girls with younger brothers demonstrated greater independence. At the same time, they show a stronger tendency to share resources. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of adolescents' psychological well-being and offers insights to support their healthy development.

The study aimed to determine the relationship between personality traits, orofacial pain (OFP), and headache. Eligible patients underwent one-night videopolysomnography and completed a series of validated questionnaires assessing sleep quality (ISS- Insomnia Severity Scale, PSQI- Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, ESS- Epworth Sleepiness Scale), pain intensity (McGill Pain questionnaire, GCPS- Graded Chronic Pain Scale, HIT-6- Headache Impact Test-6, MIDAS- Migraine Disability Assessment, TMD pain screener- Temporomandibular Disorder pain screener), psychoemotional state (KPS- Sense of Stress Questionnaire, PHQ-9 – Patient Health Questionnaire-9, BDI- Beck Depression Inventory, BAI- Beck Anxiety Index, PSS-10- Perceived Stress Scale-10, GAD-7- Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), personality traits (IPIP-BFM-20 -International Personality Item Pool- Big Five Markers- 20). Patients who exhibited nervousness and hypersensitivity reported higher perceived pain and greater negative impacts on work and daily activities (p = 0,000). Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship was found between subjective sleep quality and emotional stability scales (p = 0,001 for PSQI, p = 0,000 for ISI, p = 0,001 for ESS). However, no such relationship was observed for objective sleep quality, as measured by polysomnography (p > 0,05). The correlation between the emotional stability scale and each of the questionnaires used to examine anxiety, depression, and stress was very strong and corresponded to p = 0.000. Clinical Trial: Relationship Between Selected Parameters and Bruxism www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04214561.

The mental health and well-being of university students are crucial areas of research due to their significant impact on academic success, personal development, and overall life satisfaction. Since previous research consistently shows that the stress related to academic challenges can significantly affect mental health, the study aims to examine the relationship between personality traits, locus of control, and psychological well-being outcomes. In the present study, 67 Italian undergraduate students (19.45 ± 1.62 years) were evaluated to assess the connections between personality traits, locus of control, and key psychological outcomes including depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and subjective memory complaints. The analyses of the collected variables revealed a strong interrelationship between stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia, contributing to a general construct termed psychological well-being disturbances (PWBD). When considering the Big Five personality traits, a significant positive association with internal control and mindfulness levels was observed both for extraversion and conscientiousness, while neuroticism was associated with increased external control and subjective memory complaints. These findings highlight the importance of understanding personality traits in shaping psychological well-being and coping mechanisms among students. Educational institutions should consider incorporating personality-based approaches into their support systems, as fostering traits linked to better psychological well-being, such as extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, may help mitigate the negative impact of stress and anxiety commonly experienced in academic settings.