Abstract
Objective: (Pro)renin receptor[(P)RR] is a single trans-membrane receptor that binds to both renin and its precursor prorenin to activate tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (P)RR is cleaved by furin to generate soluble (pro)renin receptor [s(P)RR], which is secreted into the extracellular space. Blood s(P)RR level is a candidate biomarker reflecting the status of the tissue RAS, and we have reported serum s(P)RR levels are associated with renal function. Metabolic factors contribute to progression of end organ damages in hypertensive patients. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationships between serum s(P)RR levels and obesity- or metabolism-related factors in patients with essential hypertension. Design and Method: We measured serum s(P)RR levels and assessed the relationships between serum s(P)RR levels and background factors including endocrine or metabolic factors such as body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference, blood glucose, Insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-R, HOMA-β, LDL-cholesterol (C), HDL-C, triglyceride (TG), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) (Dual impedance method). Results: A total of 300 patients (135 males) were enrolled. The mean value for age was 57 ± 14 y.o., BMI 24.8 ± 4.8 Kg/m2, abdominal circumference 89.4 ± 10.9 cm, blood pressure 142 ± 17/86 ± 13 mmHg, HbA1c 5.8 ± 0.9%, HOMA-R 2.46 ± 2.58%, HOMA-β 89.6 ± 56.6%, VFA 92.3 ± 38.5 cm2, SFA 191.9 ± 82.9 cm2, and serum s(P)RR level 21.5 ± 5.8 ng/mL. Serum s(P)RR levels were significantly positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.174, p = 0.009), abdominal circumference (r = 0.162, p = 0.040), HbA1c (r = 0.194, p = 0.003), TG (r = 0.261, p < 0.001), cortisol (r = 0.243, p = 0.002), and were significantly negatively correlated with HDL-C (r = −0.201, p < 0.005). Serum s(P)RR levels showed a positive correlation with VFA (r = 0.263, p = 0.037), but not with SFA. Conclusions: In patients with essential hypertension, serum s(P)RR levels were shown to be associated with obesity- or metabolism-related factors, suggesting that the expression of (P)RR may have a role in metabolic disorders such as obesity.
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