Przyjmowanie perspektywy w rzeczywistości wirtualnej dla personelu wojskowego: przegląd podejść do wirtualnego treningu społecznego

Abstract

In this article, we have given an overview of exemplary empirical research on both the efficacy of perspective taking and the positive aspects of employment of virtual reality technologies in the context of military personnel training. The inclusion of awareness of mental states and subjective experiences expressed in accurately designed virtual scenarios can prepare soldiers for more effective and decisive operations prior to deployment on foreign soil, where they will have to come to terms with difficult decisions connected with cultural differences and plurality. First, we would like to present notions about perspective taking and what role VR maintains in relation to the development of aspects of cognition. Next, we approach the proposed ensemble of articles that state the extent of VR-PT efficacy: (1) the relevance of developing perspective taking in the military, (2) the effectiveness of VR in training. Although we did not find examples of the military perspective taking training in specifically immersive virtual environments, we do want to posit an idea that this kind of regime could bring a plethora of positive effects – e.g. accurate threat assessment in cross-cultural environments, positive nonverbal behaviour, increased outgroup helping behaviour, reduced/less dependency on stereotyping and possibly reduced conflict-inducing intergroup differences.