Abstract
Prunus spinosa leaf extracts in solvents of different polarity (water, ethanol and acetone), their phenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents and biological properties were the object of this study. The richest in phenols as well as in flavonoids was acetone extract with 181.19 mg GAE and 80.10 mg QE per gram of dry extract, respectively. Moreover, the quantity of anthocyanins obtained by HPLC analysis was also the highest in acetone sample. Examined samples possessed antioxidant properties evaluated through four in vitro assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TRC). The acetone extract was proved to be the best antioxidant among tested samples, which could be ascribed to polyphenols, especially anthocyanins. The aqueous and the ethanol extract exhibited antibacterial effects, being particularly active against B. cereus and E. cloacae. T. viride, P. funiculosum, P. ochrochloron, P. verrucosum var. cyclopium were the most susceptible among fungal microorganisms examined. Both, the aqueous and the ethanol extract expressed inhibitory activity towards enzymes linked to diabetes mellitus type II. Additionally, the ethanol extract showed significantly higher potential in inhibiting α-glucosidase than the drug used as the positive control. Furthermore, the aqueous sample revealed antitumor effects on following malignant cell lines: HeLa, K562 and MDA-MB-453. The results presented herein suggest that P. spinosa leaves should be considered as a natural source of bioactive compounds with potential application in phytopharmacy and food industry.
Highlights
Plants produce large amounts of phytochemicals with antioxidant abilities to counteract with oxidative stress induced by environmental conditions (Li et al, 2016; Vujanović et al, 2018)
The results presented suggest that P. spinosa leaves should be considered as a natural source of bioactive compounds with potential application in phytopharmacy and food industry
The yield of P. spinosa leaf extracts ranged from 4.36% for acetone to 13.65% for aqueous extract (Table 1)
Summary
Plants produce large amounts of phytochemicals with antioxidant abilities to counteract with oxidative stress induced by environmental conditions (Li et al, 2016; Vujanović et al, 2018). It has been proven that high intake of fruits and vegetables may reduce incidences of serious health disorders caused by oxidative stress, such as neurodegenerative (Tavares et al, 2012), cardiovascular (Kruger et al, 2014), diabetes (He et al, 2019) and cancer (Diaconeasa et al, 2017). Received in revised form: 22 Feb 2021. From Volume 49, Issue 1, 2021, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca journal will use article numbers in place of the traditional method of continuous pagination through the volume. The journal will continue to appear quarterly, as before, with four annual numbers
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