Abstract
BackgroundFlooding significantly reduces the growth and grain yield of soybean plants. Proteomic and biochemical techniques were used to determine whether the function of cotyledon and root is altered in soybean under flooding stress.ResultsTwo-day-old soybean plants were flooded for 2 days, after which the proteins from root and cotyledon were extracted for proteomic analysis. In response to flooding stress, the abundance of 73 and 28 proteins was significantly altered in the root and cotyledon, respectively. The accumulation of only one protein, 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) (Glyma17g08020.1), increased in both organs following flooding. The ratio of protein abundance of HSP70 and biophoton emission in the cotyledon was higher than those detected in the root under flooding stress. Computed tomography and elemental analyses revealed that flooding stress decreases the number of calcium oxalate crystal the cotyledon, indicating calcium ion was elevated in the cotyledon under flooding stress.ConclusionThese results suggest that calcium might play one role through HSP70 in the cotyledon under flooding stress.
Highlights
Flooding has a significant negative influence on the productivity of arable farmland, as the vast majority of crops cannot grow under the stress conditions induced by flooding [1]
Suppression of root elongation occurred in the root tip region [6,7] since it contains the root apical meristem, which is important for root system development and contains the elongation region [8]
Proteins were extracted from the root and cotyledon, separated using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and the gels were stained with Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) (Figure 1A) (Figure 2A)
Summary
Flooding has a significant negative influence on the productivity of arable farmland, as the vast majority of crops cannot grow under the stress conditions induced by flooding [1]. Recent studies using omics techniques [9] have identified numerous flooding-responsive pathways and systems in plants, including hormonal signaling [10], transcriptional control [10], glucose degradation and sucrose accumulation [11], activation of alcohol fermentation [12], the gamma-aminobutyric acid shunt [4], suppression of reactive oxygen species scavenging system [4], suppression of mitochondria [13], ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated proteolysis [6,14], and the cell wall [15] Floodinginduced changes in these systems and pathways have been welldocumented with regard to the root and hypocotyl of young soybeans; there are no reports on the effect of flooding stress on the function of other soybean organs, such as the cotyledon. Proteomic and biochemical techniques were used to determine whether the function of cotyledon and root is altered in soybean under flooding stress
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