Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive endocrine disorders accompanied by obvious metabolic abnormalities. Lower-quality oocytes and embryos are often found in PCOS women during assisted reproductive technology treatment. However, there is still no clarity about the mechanism of ovarian metabolic disorders and the impact on oocyte maturation in PCOS. The aim of this study was to understand the potential effect of the posttranslational modification on ovarian metabolic homeostasis and oocyte development potential in women with PCOS. A quantitative analysis of acetylated proteomics in ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS and control groups was carried out by mass spectrometry. There was widespread lysine acetylation of proteins, of which 265 proteins had increased levels of acetylation and 68 proteins had decreased levels of acetylation in the PCOS group. Most notably, differentially acetylated proteins were significantly enriched in the metabolic pathways of glycolysis, fatty acid degradation, TCA cycle, tryptophan metabolism, and branched-chain amino acid degradation. Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) was an enzyme central to these metabolic pathways with increased acetylation level in the PCOS group, and there was a negative correlation of ACAT1 acetylation levels in PCOS granulosa cells with oocyte quality and embryo development efficiency in the clinic. Lysine acetylation changes of key enzymes in PCOS granulosa cells might attenuate their activities and alter metabolic homeostasis of follicular microenvironment for oocyte maturation and embryo development.
Highlights
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous endocrine disorder
There was a broad spectrum of endocrine and metabolic changes in the PCOS group compared with the control group, including obviously increased triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, reduced
Increasing evidence suggested that most enzymes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism were acetylated at critical lysine sites, which played significant roles in controlling energy metabolism (Wang et al, 2010; Choudhary et al, 2014; Carrico et al, 2018)
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous endocrine disorder. Except for the reproductive abnormalities, women with this syndrome are often accompanied by metabolic disorders. Insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome have been recognized as the risk factors for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in PCOS (Guo et al, 2010; Moran et al, 2010; Tziomalos and Dinas, 2018). These systemic metabolic disorders affect the microenvironmental homeostasis in the ovary and interfere with follicular development and oocyte maturation. It is necessary to further understand the differences of the ovarian microenvironment between PCOS and non-PCOS women and to elucidate the potential regulatory mechanism from a macroscopic perspective
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