Abstract

AbstractCertain insoluble copolymers form characteristic liquid crystalline structures at water/copolymer interfaces. The formation of these structures, discernable with phase contrast microscopy, correlates with biological activities as immunological adjuvants. In order to study such structures at the electron microscopic level, it was necessary to develop a preparation technique which preserved the water/polymer interface. A technique was devised, here called “protein casting,” which uses highly concentrated bovine serum albumin (BSA) in water, subsequently fixed with glutaraldehyde, to form a replica of the water/polymer interface. These casts appeared highly accurate at low magnifications, and resolved to less than 1ønm. This technique seems ideal for accurate replication of surfaces formed by nonmiscible liquids and should prove helpful in studies of other materials in aqueous suspension.

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