Abstract
The fruit of Canarium odontophyllum Miq. are a traditional delicacy in Borneo for its anti-aging benefit. This study evaluated the protective effect of C. odontophyllum leaf aqueous extract on the damaged liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. A total of 30 male Spraque-Dawley rats (150-250g) were randomly divided into three groups: control group, diabetic without treatment and diabetic treated with 300 mg/kg aqueous extract once a day for 28 days. The diabetic condition was induced by intravenous injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). The blood was collected to assess the biochemical changes and the oxidative stress marker whereas the liver section was examined for morphological changes. Result showed that the level of blood aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in STZ-induced rats treated with C. odontophyllum were significantly reduced (p<0.05) compared to STZ group. Oxidative stress test showed lower level of malondealdehid (MDA) and protein carbonyl but significantly (p<0.05) higher activity of GSH, SOD and GPx compared to untreated diabetic group. Abnormal cells were not detected from the histological observation. These findings demonstrated that the aqueous extract of C. odontophyllum has the potential to provide protective effect against liver damage in diabetic rat.
Highlights
According to World Health Organization report, diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by failure of pancreas to produce sufficient insulin, or when the body is unable to use the produced insulin effectively (WHO 1999)
This study evaluated the protective effect of C. odontophyllum leaf aqueous extract on damaged liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Result showed that the level of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in diabetic rats treated with C. odontophyllum were significantly reduced (p
Summary
According to World Health Organization report, diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by failure of pancreas to produce sufficient insulin, or when the body is unable to use the produced insulin effectively (WHO 1999). Either the increase of prooxidant or the decrease of antioxidant status may occur, leading to oxidative stress (Forbes et al, 2003). The increased of oxidative stress in diabetes is multifactorial, whereby the autoxidation of glucose plays an important role in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress condition in diabetic patients play a role in pathogenesis of long-term complications, such as neuropathy, nephropathy and microangiopathy which lead to higher risk of morbidity and mortality (Kuyvenhoven & Meinders 1999; Lipinski 2001; Rains and Jain 2011)
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