Prospecting the phytochemical and antioxidant effects in vivo and in vitro of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the seeds of Geoffroea decorticans burkart (Fabaceae) on the animal model Tenebrio molitor

Studies of biological properties of Uncaria tomentosa extracts on human blood mononuclear cells

Abstract: Extraction was performed by using maceration method for dried flower sample. Then, the antimicrobial effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts on eight bacterial sp. and two fungi were tested using disc diffusion method. The antioxidant effect was also determined through ferric reducing potency and phosphor molybdenum followed by total phenol determination. Introduction: The Astragals. is high in certain antioxidants. The fruit is noted for its high level of vitamin C, and is used to make syrup, tea, and marmalade. It has been grown or encouraged in the wild for the production of vitamin C from its fruit (often as rose-hip syrup), especially during conditions of scarcity or during wartime. The species has also been introduced to other temperate latitudes. During World War II in the United States, Rosa canina was planted in victory gardens, and can still be found growing throughout the country, including roadsides and in wet, sandy areas along the coastlines. Methods and Results: Extraction was performed by using maceration method for dried flower sample. Then, the antimicrobial effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts on eight bacterial sp. and two fungi were tested using disc diffusion method. The antioxidant effect was also determined through ferric reducing potency and phosphomolybdenum followed by total phenol determination. Finally, partial detection of bioactive compounds was conducted using chemical and calorimetric methods. The results showed that ethanolic extract had the most antimicrobial effect; while aqueous extract weakly affected bacterial and fungal strains. Antioxidant experiments also revealed that ethanol extract had more antioxidant effects than aqueous extract. The most content of total phenolic compounds was found in ethanol extract. The results of the plant chemical determination showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, tannins, glycosides, and reducing sugars. Conclusions: Considering that few reports about the therapeutic effect of Astragals. has been published, this study could be considered as a valuable report about the important role of this plant on preventing infections and neutralizing oxidant agents. Key words: Astragals, Antioxidant effect, Antimicrobial effect, Aqueous extract, Ethanol extract

We investigated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the anthocyanin profiles in aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts of Prunus spinosa (Rosaceae) fruit, and their antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic and antitumor properties. The contribution of polyphenol contents to the bioactivity of the extracts was calculated and observed through Pearson?s coefficient of correlation. The acetone extract was the richest in phenols and anthocyanins and the ethanol extract in flavonoids. Cyanidin was the most abundant anthocyanin compound in all examined extracts. The ethanol extract showed the most promising antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Tested bacteria were more affected by the ethanol than by the aqueous extract. Both the ethanol and aqueous extracts exhibited potential antidiabetic effects, observed as inhibition of ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase, enzymes linked with diabetes mellitus type II. The ethanol extract was a potent ?-glucosidase-inhibitor with a significantly lower IC50 value than the positive control, glucobay, used to treat diabetes mellitus type II. Neither the ethanol nor the aqueous extracts had any effects on tested human malignant cell lines. Our results indicate that the ethanol extract showed the most pronounced in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, and a potential antidiabetic activity, which can be ascribed to its high flavonoid content. Our results indicate that research of compounds, particularly of flavonoids present in the ethanol extract and their anti-diabetic properties should be examined further.

Purpose: This study examines potential abilities and commercial values of Cinnamon extract as bioactive and cosmetics ingredients. Methods: Cinnamomum cassia bark was extracted with hot water and 70% ethanol to examine its antioxidant effects through its total polyphenol, flavonoid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and (2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ABTS radical scavenging activity. Also, this study examined its nitric oxide (NO) inhibition effect through RAW 264.7 cells into which inflammatory reaction was induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and antihistamine activity in the RBL- 2H3 cells. The antibacterial effects of Cinnamomum cassia bark extract on 8 types of bacteria were also studied. Results: As a result of measuring the antioxidant effect, the total polyphenol contents were 90.12 and 113.07 μg/mL, respectively, while the total flavonoid contents were 36.42 and 54.31 μg/mL, respectively. The DPPH scavenging effect was confirmed as 84.93% in the hot water extract and 90.25% in the ethanol extract for 400 μg/mL. The ABTS radical scavenging effect was 82.20% in the hot water extract and 92.21% in the ethanol extract for 400 μg/ mL. Upon measuring the NO inhibitive effect through the RAW 264.7 cells into which inflammation reaction was induced by LPS, the NO generation decreased to 14.57 μM in the hot water extract and 10.15 μM in the ethanol extract in the concentration of 100 μg/mL. This result, compared to the increase up to 20.11 μM by LPS, shows the NO inhibitive effect of Cinnamoum cassia bark extract. As a result of measuring the antihistamine activity in the RBL-2H3 cells, β-hexosaminidase increased to 176.21% by IgE-NDP whereas it was 117.25% in the hot water extract and 100.09% in the ethanol extract in the concentration of 100 μg/mL, confirming the inhibitive effect on β-hexosaminidase discharge. The antibacterial effect was confirmed on all bacteria through the measurement on the Cinnamomum cassia Bark extract on eight types of bacteria. Particularly, the antibacterial effect of the hot water extract and ethanol extract was found to be high in Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis ), Pityrosporum ovale (P. ovale ). Conclusion: Cinnamomum cassia bark extract is deemed prospective as a natural functional cosmetics’ ingredient with excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihistamine inhibitive and antibacterial effects.

Introduction and Aim: Triticum aestivum (wheatgrass) is a good source of mineral nutrients and antioxidant enzymes. It also acts as a detoxifying agent and helps to revive healthy cells. The present study aimed to assess the effects of acetic acid on biochemical and antioxidant indices in the colitis of Wistar rats using an ethanolic extract derived from the dried shoots of wheatgrass maintained under specified growth conditions.
 
 Materials and Methods: Aqueous and ethanolic extract of wheatgrass was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and in-vitro antioxidant activity. Effects of the ethanolic wheatgrass extract were investigated in the acetic acid-induced rat colitis model. Sulphasalazine was used as the standard anti-inflammatory drug. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were estimated in the rat blood. Colitis was quantified with a clinical score and colon length/weight index was measured. Histopathological analyses were also performed on the colon tissue of rats.
 
 Results: The presence of phytochemical elements such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenes in aqueous and ethanolic wheatgrass extract was discovered. These compounds have the potential to boost antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The ethanolic extract significantly reduced MDA, MPO, and antioxidant levels (TAC, CAT, and GSH) in colon tissue and blood. Biochemical measurements corroborated the conclusions of histopathological investigation.
 
 Conclusion: According to macroscopic, microscopic, histological, and other biochemical studies, ethanolic wheatgrass extract significantly inhibits experimental colitis in rats.

This research has been conducted to analyzeessential oil and ethanol extract and investigate the antioxidant activity of the ethanol and n-hexane extracts of the Melissa officinalis leaves collected from Hezar Jarib area of Behshahr. Melissa officinalis leaf can be considered as a substitute of the synthetic antioxidants. The leaves of the plant were collected from its natural habitats in the heights of Mazandaran province in early September. In this study, chemical composition of the essential oil and ethanol extract of the Melissa officinalis leaf were analyzed by GC/MS. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol and n-hexane extracts is investigated using method of DPPH and compared to the synthetic antioxidant of ascorbic acid. The results showed that the main components of essential oil are: Phenoxyethanol (31.66%), total of Carryophyllene Oxide enantiomer (24.71%), totoal of Citral enantiomer (13.89%) and totoal of Caryophyllene enantiomer (9.88%) also the main components of ethanol extract are: Carryophyllene Oxide (28.95%), totoal of 2-Hydrazino–Nicotinic acid (11.37%), Phytol (8.61%) and β-Caryophyllene (7.44%) respectively. Also the Ic50 of the ethanol and n-hexane extracts are determined 39.05 and 98.93 μg/ml respectively, and in the FRAP method the ability of reducing of the ethanol and n-hexane extracts were 91.3 and 105.5 μg/ml respectively. By comparing the results, extracts have antioxidant effect and ability of reducing so can be used in medicine industries.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect, total phenolic content of the ethanol, methanol and aqueous extract Dracocephalum polychaetum in flowering stage. The total phenolic content of the plant was measured colorimetrically. Antioxidant capacity of the plant extract was evaluated by DPPH method. In the present study, the highest antioxidant effect was to the extract of methanol, ethanol and aqueous, respectively. IC50 values in extracts of ethanol, methanol and water were respectively 11.89, 8.07 and 24.04. This value was obtained 0.86 μg /ml for BHT. The maximum level of phenol was to methanol, ethanol and aqueous extract respectively. Positive correlation was seen between the value of phenol and antioxidant capacity. The results show the various extracts of D. polychaetum have an antioxidant effect and could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants for the treatment of some diseases.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12688

Purpose: The antioxidant effects and antibacterial effects on 7 types of dermatitis of Codonopsis lanceolata (C. lanceolata ) ethanol and water extracts were investigated to study its potential as an ingredient of antibacterial cosmetics for skin and functional cosmetics for hair by testing its deodorization effects on ammonia. Methods: The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, electron donating ability, ABTS radical scavenging activity of C. lanceolata extracts were investigated for its antioxidant effects and the antibacterial effects of c. lanceolata extract on 7 different germs causing dermatitis were explored with the paper disc method. In addition, a gas detection method was employed to test the deodorizing effects on ammonia. Results: As a result of the antioxidant effects test, the total polyphenol contents of C. lanceolata ethanol and water extracts were 88.86±1.64 and 76.46±1.23 μg/ mL, respectively, and the total flavonoid contents were measured 78.29±1.13 and 60.02±1.35μg/mL, respectively. As for the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity was 78.78% and 62.12%. The test on 2,2'-Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity with was 80.12% and 72.24%. For the 7 dermatitis germs, C. lanceolata ethanol extract and water extract showed antibacterial effects at the concentration of 5 mg/mL. For the deodorization effects of C. lanceolata extract on ammonia, ethanol extract revealed 98% of deodorizing effects after 30 min. Conclusion: C. lanceolata ethanol extract had greater antioxidant effects and antibacterial effects on the 7 dermatitis germs than water extract; with higher deodorizing effects, it is considered suitable for making antibacterial cosmetics for skin and functional products for hair.

BackgroundInflammation has been implicated in many disorders, including cancer and available therapies elicit adverse effects. Plants of the family Rubiaceae have shown potency against inflammation. The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant potential of Feretia apodanthera was investigated in this study to evaluate its effectiveness.MethodsThe phytochemical, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of root bark (n-Hexane, diethyl ether, ethanol and aqueous) extracts of Feretia apodanthera was investigated in this study. The extracts were subjected to various chemical tests for phytochemical constituents; their antioxidant activity was determined using in-vitro DPPH radical scavenging activity assay and their anti-inflammatory activity was determined using carrageenan induced paw oedema model. FTIR and GCMS analysis was done to determine the compounds present.ResultsPhytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of unsaturated steroids, triterpenes, cardiac glycosides, tannins, saponin and alkaloids. Vitamin C had a median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.038 mg/ml which was lower than IC50 of all the extracts. Of all the extracts, ethanol extract had the lowest IC50 (0.044 mg/ml) which is comparable to vitamin C. Anti-inflammatory studies showed that the inflammation inhibition potential of 400 mg/kg body weight of all the extracts was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the standard ketoprofen (50 mg/kg) at the first three hours but significantly higher (p < 0.05) at the fourth hour. At the fifth hour, the inflammation inhibition potential of diethyl ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the standard. FTIR analysis showed the presence of ketones, amines, alkenes and carboxylic groups. GCMS analysis revealed compounds that are potential anti-inflammatory agents.ConclusionThis study revealed that extracts of Feretia apodanthera possess anti-inflammatory effects against right hind paw oedema of albino rats and can act as an effective antioxidant.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease with severe complications and major health/economic impacts. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with an estimated 346 million adults being affected in year 2011. World Health Organization (WHO) projects indicated that diabetes death will increase by two thirds between 2008 and 2030. The WHO estimated that 80% of the populations of developing countries rely on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, for their primary health care needs. Diabetes is an example of a disease that has been treated with plant medicines. Our study evaluated ethanolic and aqueous extracts of selected Sudanese plants that are traditionally used to treat diabetes; these are: Ambrosia maritima, Ammi visnaga, Acacia senegal, Sesamum indicum, Nigella sativa and Foeniculum vulgare. The plants extracts were tested for their glycogen phosphorylase inhibition, toxicity and antioxidant activity. Materials &amp; Methods: Ethanolic and aqueous extracts prepared from leaves of Ambrosia maritime, fruits of Foeniculum vulgare and Ammi visnaga, exudates of Acacia Senegal, and seeds of Sesamum indicum and Nigella sativa were investigated. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were tested using (DPPH) photometric and Iron Chelating Assays. The enzymatic inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activity was monitored using multiskan spectrum (Thermo-Scientific). GP activity was measured in the direction of glycogen synthesis by the release of phosphate from glucose-1-phosphate. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test was also used to determine plants toxicity. Results and Discussion: Free radicals are formed in diabetes by glucose oxidation, nonenzymatic glycation of proteins and subsequent oxidative degradation of glycated proteins. Abnormally high levels of free radicals can lead to damage of cellular organelles and enzymes, increased lipid peroxidation and development of insulin resistance. These consequences of oxidative stress can promote the development of complications of diabetes mellitus. In this study all plant extracts with exception of Acacia senegal exhibited significant antioxidant activity in DPPH free radical scavenging assay. This may support the traditional usage of these plants to improve complications that caused by diabetes mellitus. Nigella sativa aqueous extract showed no toxicity on Brine shrimp Lethality Test, while its ethanolic extract was toxic. All other extracts are toxic and ethanolic extracts of Foeniculum vulgare and Ammi visnaga exhibit the highest toxicity. Results of this study did not show any significant inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase, but extracts of these plants may act on one of other enzymatic reactions that involved in carbohydrate metabolism and improved glucose homeostasis. Conclusion and Recommondation: Changes in oxidative stress and effects of antioxidants in diabetes management should be considered, and hopefully, further research into the pathophysiology of oxidative stress and the role of antioxidant therapy will lead to appropriately-designed clinical trials in which the promise of antioxidant therapy will be realized. Extraction processes and usage doses should be monitored. Further work is underway to test the plant extracts on diabetes-induced mice. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, medicinal plants, antioxidant activity, glycogen phosphorylase, brine shrimp

Anthelmintic activity of Moringa oleifera seed aqueous and ethanolic extracts against Haemonchus contortus eggs and third stage larvae

Aims: The study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical and antioxidant potentials of ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts of Simarouba glauca vis-a-vis standard antioxidants. Study Design: True experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, University of Benin, Benin City. Nigeria, between August and October 2015. Methodology: Samples were harvested, air dried, pulverized and extracted with aqueous and absolute ethanol; freeze dried at the National energy commission centre, University of Benin. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-ciocalteau method, tannin determined according to Folin and Denis methods while flavonoids content was determined according to the methods described by Ebrahimzadeh et al. DPPH radical scavenging activity was conducted based on the ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), a stable free radical, to decolorize in the presence of antioxidants. Reducing power activity of extracts was conducted based on test samples extract’ Original Research Article Osagie-Eweka et al.; EJMP, 13(3): 1-11, 2016; Article no.EJMP.24736 2 ability to reduce ferricyanide to ferrocyanide indicated in the colour change. Total antioxidant activity of ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts was determined based on the ability of the sample to reduce the ferric-tripyridyltriazine (Fe (III)-TPTZ) complex to ferrous tripyridyltriazine (Fe(II)-TPTZ) at low pH. Hydroxyl radical activity of extracts was conducted on the principle based on the ability of test samples to reduce H2O2 in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline. Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity of extracts was conducted based on the ability of test sample to scavenge 2,2’azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical generated based on the principle of decolourization. Nitric oxide (NO.) radical scavenging activity of S, glauca leaf extracts was estimated based on the ability of test samples to scavenge radicals generated by the reaction of naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride. Butylated hydroxytuolene (BHT), Ascorbate, Quercetin and Trolox were standard antioxidant. Results: DPPH radical scavenging activity yielded aqueous and ethanol extracts IC50 values of 3.2144 and 4.9100 μg/ml respectively. Reducing power activity yielded (aqueous and ethanol extracts) EC50 of values 60.3233 and 60.1000 μg/ml respectively. Total antioxidant activity yielded (ethanol and aqueous extracts) IC50 values of 52.4320 and 68.8201 μg/ml respectively. Hydroxyl radical activity yielded (ethanol and aqueous extracts) IC50 values of 49.3130 and 50.2341 μg/ml respectively. Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity yielded (ethanol and aqueous extracts) IC50 values of 45.2015 and 52.0721 μg/ml respectively. Nitric oxide scavenging activity yielded aqueous IC50 value of 14.2102 μg/ml but ethanol extract yielded no inhibition concentration at 50 percent. Conclusion: The study showed that aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of S. glauca demonstrated substantial amount of biochemically valuable phytochemicals and antioxidant potential capable of scavenging reactive oxygen species.

본 연구는 눈개승마의 에탄올 추출물과 물 추출물의 항산화 및 주름개선 효과에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 실험결과, 눈개승마의 폴리페놀 함량과 플라보노이드 함량은 에탄올 추출물이 122 <TEX>${\mu}g/g$</TEX>, 36 <TEX>${\mu}g/g$</TEX>이고 물 추출물이 87 <TEX>${\mu}g/g$</TEX>, 26 <TEX>${\mu}g/g$</TEX>으로 나타났다. 눈개승마 에탄올 및 물 추출물의 DPPH 활성에 대한 <TEX>$RC_{50}$</TEX> 값은 각각 395 <TEX>${\mu}g$</TEX>와 4,682 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>이였고 ABTS 활성에 대한 <TEX>$RC_{50}$</TEX> 값은 227 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>과 336 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>로 나타났다. 에탄올 추출물의 환원력은 2 mg/mL에서 1.58을 보였고 물 추출물에서는 2 mg/mL에서 0.88로 나타났다. 에탄올 추출물과 물 추출물의 수렴효과는 10,000 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>에서 각각 91.27, 16.35%로 나타났다. 또한 자외선을 조사하여 세포사멸을 유도한 실험에서 눈개승마 에탄올 추출물을 100 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>의 농도로 처리한 실험군에서는 세포생존율이 10% 정도 개선되었으며, 세포내 콜라겐 생합성량은 33% 정도가 증가하였다. 반면 콜라겐 분해와 관련 된 MMP-1의 발현은 동일농도에서 16.8% 감소하였다. 이러한 결과를 종합하면 눈개승마 에탄올 추출물은 항산화 및 주름개선을 효과적으로 개선함으로써, 천연화장품 소재로 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects of extracts from Aruncus diocius var. kamtschaticus (ADV) were investigated. According to the results, the ethanol extract has better antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects than the water extract. The amounts of total polyphenol and flavonoid compounds in the ethanol extract were 122 and 36 mg/g, respectively, while those in the water extract were 87 and 26 mg/g. The antioxidant activities of the ethanol and water extracts were 395 and 4,682 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX> as the <TEX>$RC_{50}$</TEX> values for the DPPH radical scavenging activity, and 227 and 366 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX> for the <TEX>$ABTS^+$</TEX> radical scavenging activity, respectively. The reducing power of the ethanol extract (1.58 at 2 mg/mL) was higher than that of the water extract (0.88 at 2 mg/mL). The astringent activities of the ethanol and water extracts were 91.27 and 16.35% at 10 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the ADV ethanol extract treatment of the fibroblast cell after UV irradiation resulted in increased cell viability (10% at 100 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>) and collagen biosynthesis (33% at 100 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>), with a lowering in the MMP-1 expression level (16.8 % at 100 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>). These results demonstrate that AVD provides a remarkable and significant tensor and anti-wrinkling effect on the skin, which could be of a great use in anti-aging skin care products.

IntroductionBecause of resistance and side effects to common antifungal drugs activity, the research on herbal substances with antifungal activity is frequent. Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) is a member of Verbenaceae family. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-candida activities of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the lemon verbena leaves and compare them with nystatin and fluconazole.MethodsIn this 2015 study, 15 clinical isolates and standard strain of candida albicans PTCC 5027 were used, and the inhibitory effects of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, Nystatin and Fluconazole, were evaluated using disk and well diffusion methods. Also, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. Five concentrations of aqueous and ethanolic extracts (156–2500 μg/ml), Nystatin (8–128 μg/ml) and Fluconazole (4–64 μg/ml) were used in disk and well diffusion methods, and nine concentrations of aqueous and ethanolic extracts (19–5000 μg/ml), Nystatin (0.5–128 μg/ml), and Fluconazole (0.25–64 μg/ml) were applied for MIC. Data were analyzed using Tukey’s post-hoc and one-way ANOVA tests. The significant level was considered p < 0.05 in the current study.ResultsIn the well and disk diffusion techniques, limited growth inhibition halos were produced around some clinical isolates at different concentrations of ethanolic extract; however, no growth inhibitory halo was observed with any concentrations of the aqueous extract. The MIC values of ethanolic extract, aqueous extract, Nystatin and Fluconazole for clinical isolated and standard strain were 833 ± 78.5and 625μg/ml; 4156 ± 67.4 and 2500 μg/ml; 10.13 ± 1.91 and 4 μg/ml; and 1.97 ± 0.25 and 1 μg/ml, respectively.ConclusionThe results showed that the ethanolic extract was stronger than the aqueous extract of this plant, which can be used as an alternative for drugs. It is recommended that the ethanolic extract of this plant be investigated in vivo for better evaluation of its efficacy and properties.

Detection of resistance levels against deltamethrin and cypermethrin in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from Jammu (India) was carried out using larval packet test (LPT). The results showed the presence of resistance level II and I against deltamethrin and cypermethrin, respectively. Adult immersion test (AIT) and LPT were used to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of ethanolic and aqueous floral extracts of Calendula officinalis against synthetic pyrethroid resistant adults and larvae of R. (B.) microplus. Four concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 %) of each extract with four replications for each concentration were used in both the bioassays. A concentration dependent mortality was observed and it was more marked with ethanolic extract. In AIT, the LC50 values for ethanolic and aqueous extracts were calculated as 9.9 and 12.9 %, respectively. The egg weight of the live ticks treated with different concentrations of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts was significantly lower than that of control ticks; consequently, the reproductive index and the percent inhibition of oviposition values of the treated ticks were reduced. The complete inhibition of hatching was recorded at 10 % of ethanolic extract. The 10 % extracts caused 100 % mortality of larvae after 24 h. In LPT, the LC50 values for ethanolic and aqueous extracts were determined to be 2.6 and 3.2 %, respectively. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of C. officinalis had better acaricidal properties against adults and larvae of R. (B.) microplus than the aqueous extract.