Abstract
Abstract This chapter focuses on black flies attacking humans and livestock in Canada (Prosimulium and Simulium spp.), and provides an overview of the entomogenous fungi (Tolypocladium cylindrosporum), entomophilic nematodes (Gastromermis viridis, Isomermis wisconsinensis and Mesomermis flumenalis) and entomopathogenic bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis) that have been tested for their management, and the evaluation of effectiveness of these biological control agents. Future research prospects are recommended.
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