Abstract
The article presents the results of research work in the field of dairy farming. During the study, shortcomings in the technology and technical means of machine milking and primary processing of cow’s milk in the mountainous conditions of farming in the North Caucasus are revealed. The main producers are households, individual entrepreneurs and peasant (farm) households. An alternative technology of machine milking and primary processing of milk with energy-saving technical means of machine milking, manure removal, the use of non-traditional energy sources, assembled into a technological line for milk production is proposed. The results of comparative production tests of a milking machine for operation in foothill and mountainous regions are presented, a characteristic feature of which is operation without breaking the operating mode at elevations above a thousand meters above sea level. The results confirm the advantage of the proposed design in terms of milk excretion rate, productivity, milk quality in terms of fat content, low injury to the milking livestock when using the development. Energy indicators of the advantages of the technology for collecting and utilizing manure with obtaining an additional energy carrier and high-quality organic fertilizer are also given. The proposed technology provides for measures and technical means for the care of the pasture territory in order to exclude violations of the environment and vegetation cover of the rich forbs of the North Caucasian mountain pastures.
Highlights
The North Caucasian region possesses rich pasture lands containing naturally growing herbaceous vegetation rich in valuable ecologically pure plants [1]
An alternative technology of dairy farming is proposed for the conditions of the North Caucasus (Fig. 1)
It is proposed to introduce the milking machine ADV-F-1A, which has a number of advantages in mountainous conditions of management [10], into the general production line
Summary
The North Caucasian region possesses rich pasture lands containing naturally growing herbaceous vegetation rich in valuable ecologically pure plants [1]. One of the factors behind the underdevelopment of the above natural resource is low scientific support of technology and technical means of successful milk production in the foothill and mountain conditions of management.
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