Progress in renal transplantation for end-stage renal disease

Abstract

The kidney is an extremely important pair of organs in the human body. It is located in the shallow fossa on both sides of the retroperitoneal spine. There are renal artery, renal vein, lymphatic vessels, and other tissues in and out of the renal hilum. The kidney is made up of millions of nephrons. Each small nephron carries important tasks, such as eliminating toxins from the body, maintaining water-electrolyte, acid-base balance, promoting red blood cell production, and promoting vitamin D conversion. If the kidney is dysfunctional or afunctional due to various reasons, such as complicated stones, acute and chronic nephritis, autoimmune diseases, food poisoning, etc., it will inevitably lead to a series of problems in the body organs and other systems, causing a vicious circle of mutual cause and effect. With decompensation of kidney function to the advanced stage, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation are the last effective treatments for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This article aims to study and share some of the best experience of domestic kidney transplant surgery for more than 30 years, to communicate with organ transplant physicians, to promote the technical level of colleagues, and to make a gradual improvement of the level of organ transplantation in China. Key words: Kidney transplantation; End-stage renal disease (ESRD); Progress