Abstract
Defensins are small, cationic, endogenous antimicrobial pepdites, and they are rich in cysteine and arginine.The six cysteine residues are connected by two disulfide bonds and have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.They play an important role in the human body′s immune defense mechanism.Among them, more research is focused on the x03B1;-defensins and x03B2;-defensins.In humans, there are mainly six kinds of x03B1;-defensins and up to thirty-one kinds of x03B2;-defensins.In x03B1;-defensins that are classifiled by their expression pattern and gene organization, there are myeloid-defensins(known as Hnp1 to Hnp4)and enterogenous-defensins(HD-5, HD-6). This paper focuses on the molecular biological characteristics of human x03B1;-defensins-5(HD-5). This review also discusses the antibacterial and antiviral activities and the regulation of HD-5. Key words: Defensin; Human α-defensin-5; Paneth cell; Antibacterial mechanism; Antiviral mechanism
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