Abstract
Detailed 3.5-kHz seismic-reflection profiling and coring have shown that the continental shelf break and slope off Izmir Bay, Turkey, are formed by prograding deltaic silty mud sequences. The muds contain shallow brackish-water benthic and cold-water planktonic foraminifera. They were deposited when sea level was about 110 m below its present position, during the last Pleistocene glaciation. Slumping took place on the prodelta slope, leaving rotational slump scars and imbricate slump blocks downslope. Delta-top truncation took place in shallow water by erosive coastline retreat after distributary abandonment. There has been little or no sedimentation since that time: outer Izmir Bay is thus floored by relict sands. Following rapid post-glacial transgression, the Gediz delta was reestablished in Izmir Bay. Archaeological evidence shows it has prograded during the last 3000 yrs. At least six shifts in the position of the Gediz mouth are distinguished during this time, and abandoned delta-top channels can be correlated with submarine delta-lobe sequences.
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