Abstract
Background and AimWe evaluated the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of serum p53 (s‐p53‐Abs) and serum NY‐ESO‐1 autoantibodies (s‐NY‐ESO‐1‐Abs) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Patients and MethodsA total of 377 patients, 85 patients with ESCC, 248 patients with gastric cancer, and 44 patients with HCC were enrolled to measure s‐p53‐Abs and s‐NY‐ESO‐1‐Abs titers by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay before treatment. The clinicopathological significance and prognostic impact of the presence of autoantibodies were evaluated. Expression data based on the Cancer Genome Atlas and the prognostic impact of gene expression was also examined for discussion.ResultsThe positive rates of s‐p53‐Abs were 32.9% in ESCC, 15% in gastric cancer, and 4.5% in HCC. The positive rates of s‐NY‐ESO‐1‐Abs were 29.4% in ESCC, 9.7% in gastric cancer, and 13.6% in HCC. The presence of s‐p53‐Abs was not associated with tumor progression in these three cancer types. On the other hand, the presence of s‐NY‐ESO‐1‐Abs was significantly associated with tumor progression in ESCC and gastric cancer. The presence of s‐p53‐Abs and/or s‐NY‐ESO‐1‐Abs was significantly associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer but not in ESCC nor HCC.ConclusionsThe presence of s‐p53‐Abs and/or s‐NY‐ESO‐1‐Abs was associated with tumor progression in ESCC and gastric cancer. These autoantibodies might have poor prognostic impacts on gastric cancer (UMIN000014530).
Highlights
The immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies against tumor antigens are known to appear in the serum of patients with cancer[1] even in the early stages of tumor development
The P53 gene is mutated in the majority of solid cancers, leading to the common expression of mutant p53 gene and protein in such diseases. s-p53-Abs appear in the cancer patients with this mutant p53 protein
We evaluated the positive rate, clinicopathological significance, and prognostic impact of s-p53-Abs and s-NY-ESO1-Abs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
Summary
The immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies against tumor antigens are known to appear in the serum of patients with cancer[1] even in the early stages of tumor development. We reported that s-p53-Abs are present in many cancer types.[3,6] In recent years, a high positive rate of s-NY-ESO-1-Abs was reported in esophageal cancer, and in other cancer types.[5,7,8] several reports showed clinicopathological significance of these two serum autoantibodies, prognostic impact has not been reported in the same patient group among gastroenterological cancers. Expression and prognostic impact of p53 and NYESO-1 gene expression were discussed
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