Abstract
Introduction: The species of the genus Candida are part of the microbiota of mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract and genital, healthy. In favorable conditions can proliferate and unleash infectious processes, such as vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and even oropharyngeal and systemic infections. Objective: Tracing the profile of women met on a gynecology outpatient clinic of a city of the remote hinterland of Paraiba and identifying the presence of possible risk factors for vaginal candidiasis. Method: The study is of exploratory, descriptive, quantitative type, conducted at the Health Center Frei Damiao, Patos-PB, having as data source a structured guide to characterizing the socioeconomic profile and possible risk factors for candidiasis in patients symptomatic and asymptomatic. A speculating gynecological examination was conducted to collect vaginal secretion, and subsequently, verify the presence of Candida by culture in Sabouraud Agar. In the data process was used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences-SPSS, in order to provide the descriptive statistics and analytical, applying the Chi-square test (X 2 ) and the Fisher Exact Test. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Campina Grande, CAAE 35203614.8.0000.5575. Results: The average age of the women interviewed was of 38 (± 14.045). The results showed statistical dependence between age and schooling ( p < 0.001), age and the number of pregnancies ( p < 0.001), the number of births ( p < 0.001) and sexual activity ( p = 0.001); regarding the history of candidiasis 47.4% of women reported episode last year; the presence of Candida sp was verified in 46.2% of participants; regarding the risk factors there was statistical dependence ( p = 0.029) in relation to the previous use of antibiotic, characteristic of the menstrual cycle ( p = 0.002) and the presence of stress ( p = 0.003); the latter, in relation to the negative culture. Conclusion: By the fact that this infection is considered a public health problem, it becomes relevant that working professionals in this area stay updated regarding the pathogenesis of CVV, for the appropriate handling of this infection.
Highlights
The species of the genus Candida are part of the microbiota of mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract and genital, healthy
By the fact that this infection is considered a public health problem, it becomes relevant that working professionals in this area stay updated regarding the pathogenesis of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC), for the appropriate handling of this infection
Infections caused by Candida yeasts are called candidiasis or thrush, which show a broad spectrum of clinical presentations, which, depending on the affected site, are classified as superficial, with cutaneous and mucosal involvement, even deep infections, disseminated, high gravity, like the candidemia in immunocompromised patients [1]
Summary
The species of the genus Candida are part of the microbiota of mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract and genital, healthy. In favorable conditions can proliferate and unleash infectious processes, such as vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and even oropharyngeal and systemic infections. Infections caused by Candida yeasts are called candidiasis or thrush, which show a broad spectrum of clinical presentations, which, depending on the affected site, are classified as superficial, with cutaneous and mucosal involvement, even deep infections, disseminated, high gravity, like the candidemia in immunocompromised patients [1]. The use of broad spectrum antibiotics makes these patients more prone to infection by these yeasts. There are such cases, suppression of the indigenous bacterial flora, allowing greater proliferation of Candida species [3,4]. Stressing the occurrence of mycotic vulvovaginitis caused by yeast-like fungi, not always the species of the genus Candida [6]
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