Abstract
This paper will discuss the changing role of the military in criminal activity during the Reform Era which was affected by strict regulations, the supervision of institutions and the government's commitment to meet the welfare of the soldiers, with criminal activities referring to activities such as illegal economic activities, extortion, as well as drug and human trafficking. This paper will also analyze the ongoing criminal activity in the military, which mostly originates from personal interest rather than in the interest of the institution. This paper also describes the competition between military and police increasing criminal activities in order to seize illegal financial income potential. This paper will also analyze the methods of Post-Suharto military involvement in criminal activities.
Highlights
The Indonesia National Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia-TNI) was not fully prepared to cope with a low defense budget at the beginning of its establishment and had to engage in combat operations to defend Indonesia against strong enemies
This paper will discuss the changing role of the military in criminal activity during the Reform Era which was affected by strict regulations, the supervision of institutions and the government's commitment to meet the welfare of the soldiers, with criminal activities referring to activities such as illegal economic activities, extortion, as well as drug and human trafficking
This paper describes the competition between military and police increasing criminal activities in order to seize illegal financial income potential
Summary
The Indonesia National Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia-TNI) was not fully prepared to cope with a low defense budget at the beginning of its establishment and had to engage in combat operations to defend Indonesia against strong enemies. There had been a change in the motive of the criminal acts by the TNI during and after the New Order Regime. During the New Order Regime, the TNI conducted criminal acts in order to protect national interest or to accumulate resources for the TNI’s operational needs. In the Post-Soeharto era, criminal acts were conducted to pursue the personal interests of the TNI members rather than to protect national interest. This paper will explore types of criminal activities by the TNI during the Reform Order, such as illegal economic activities, racketeering, drug and human trafficking, which were mainly conducted to further the personal interests of the TNI members rather than national interest. This article will analyze the methods of involvement in criminal activities by the Post-Soeharto TNI
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