PROFESSIONALISM AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE BUREAUCRACY’S ACTIVITIES

У статті досліджено роль інновацій у публічному управлінні та адмініструванні України в умовах стрімкого розвитку технологій, зростаючих вимог суспільства, актуальності боротьби з корупцією та європейської інтеграції. Систематизовано основні фактори, що визначають потребу впровадження інновацій у сфері публічного управління та адміністрування. Обґрунтовано актуальність теми впровадження інновацій на основі сучасних викликів та можливостей, які стоять перед публічним управлінням та адмініструванням. Визначено основні види інновацій, які застосовуються в публічному управлінні та адмініструванні України, зокрема: електронне урядування, онлайн-моніторинг публічних послуг, прозорість у державних закупівлях, електронна система голосування, використання блокчейн-технологій, розвиток інноваційних міст і регіонів, а також системи масової інформації та освіти з цифрових навичок. Проведено SWOT-аналіз для детального дослідження кожного виду інновацій, що дозволило оцінити їх переваги, ризики, можливості та загрози. Обґрунтовано необхідність забезпечення кібербезпеки, розвитку ефективної комунікації з громадськістю та стійкого технічного й організаційного захисту для успішного впровадження інновацій. Визначено основні бар’єри для інтеграції інновацій у публічне управління України, серед яких: технологічні, фінансові, організаційні, соціокультурні, політичні та законодавчі обмеження. Сформовано рекомендації щодо подальшого розроблення стратегій, які враховуватимуть ці бар’єри та можливості, забезпечуючи успішне впровадження інновацій. Визначено, що потенціал інновацій створює низку переваг для покращення ефективності, прозорості та демократії в публічному управлінні, отже, існує необхідність комплексного підходу до подолання перешкод для впровадження інновацій у публічне управління та адміністрування України. Визначено, що впровадження інновацій у публічному управлінні України має вирішальне значення для підвищення ефективності державного управління та задоволення сучасних вимог суспільства. Подолання існуючих бар’єрів та розробка відповідних стратегій забезпечать успішну інтеграцію інновацій, що сприятиме створенню прозорої, ефективної та відповідальної системи публічного управління та адміністрування.

The purpose of the article is analyzing the concepts of "state security" and "national security" and determining the place of national security in the system of public administration. The scientific novelty of the article is substantiating the processes of transforming the concept of "state security" in the system of public administration in connection with socio-political changes. Conclusions. The article analyzes the processes of transformation taking place in Ukrainian society and leading to democratization and the introduction of new values in the activities of government, in particular, in the system of state governance, which in modern conditions is transformed into public administration. The article notes that in the concept of public administration the main leading subject of social development and regulation of public relations is the state, and the system of public administration is dominated by public institutions, which include civil society and private organizations which have the opportunity to act on an equal competitive basis with state institutions. Such changes also affected the security system, where the approaches of state security priority, which emphasized the protection of state interests through the institutions of state power, were replaced by understanding of the need o protect national values, human interests and society, ensuring safe living conditions and welfare of the citizens. Because of this, the concept of "national security" is beginning to come forth, which has become broader than the concept of "state security" and fully complies with the principles of public administration. The conclusions say that in accordance with the trends observed in Ukrainian society and caused by democratic changes, the system of public administration is undergoing significant transformations, where the main element is the state power and which is characterized by authoritarianism. Public administration is realized through democracy, and the cooperation of the state and the population takes into account the needs of each other. Trends taking place in the state, particularly in the issue of national security, put the interests of a person and a citizen first. Similarly the transformation of state governance to public administration takes place. In accordance with modern conditions of development, state governance is replaced by public administration, where the interests of a person, citizen and society are the highest value. Key words: state governance, public administration, state security, national security, transformation processes.

The article describes the features of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine in modern conditions. The efficiency and effectiveness of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine is determined. The problematic aspects and contradictions of the existing system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine are identified. The organizational, normative-legal, economic, social, ecological and other aspects of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine, which need improvement, are singled out. Suggestions are given on ways to improve the mechanisms of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in the context of European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine. The ways of solving problems and resolving the contradictions of the system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in the current conditions of global challenges and risks are clarified. Construction and operation of a modern system of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection in Ukraine, which carries out appropriate activities to protect the population and territories from emergencies, ensuring the required level of fire safety does not always ensure high efficiency and effectiveness of its activities. This requires appropriate improvement of the mechanisms of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection. Ukraine has declared accession to the EU and NATO as one of the strategic issues of public policy that will contribute to the transformation of public management and administration in the sphere of civil protection. This is evidenced by the introduction of appropriate amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. Thus, in the current conditions of existing global challenges and risks, it is especially important to build an effective and efficient system of public management and administration of the process of educating the population of Ukraine in civil protection by improving existing mechanisms for its implementation (including by amending the Civil Protection Code), their adaptation to European legislation in the context of European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine, active international cooperation in this area.

Myriads of issues today confront public administration globally. From withstanding the excruciating turbulence orchestrated by COVID-19 to the contending disruptive innovations of the 4th industrial revolution, public administration is at crossroads and therefore, cannot feign ignorance of her expected role of thorough professionalism and standing tall amidst these challenges. This study, therefore, x-rayed the contemporary issues, problems and difficulties mitigating effective professional conduct and delivery of public administration in Nigeria amidst the intervening prevalent factors. Methodologically, the qualitative research design was adopted and thematic issues were effectively and intellectually interrogated. The study was anchored on strategic management theory as expounded by David (2005); Mohd Khairuddin Hashim (2005). They drew insights from the profit‐maximizing and competition‐based theory, resource‐based theory, survival‐based theory, human resource-based theory, agency theory and contingency theory. The study found among other things that; - policy development across Nigeria's public administration is not driven by research outcomes and thus widens the gap between public policy and professional service delivery. - Incoherence, poor policy communication, poor policy institutionalization and lack of technovation components are factors that impede professionalism in public administration in contemporary times. Finally, it is prescribed that to foster professionalism in public administration in Nigeria, policymakers should do more by inculcating the preponderances relating to policy incoherence, poor policy communication, poor policy institutionalization and apparent lack of technovation.

The article examines public administration in the context of globalization, which in modern conditions is an important aspect of formation, development, flexibility, resilience to negative consequences, threats and challenges posed by the world globalization processes and their impact on the public administration system in the State. It is emphasized that globalization affects both the system of public administration in the state and the youth environment, which in most cases will form the apparatus of public administration bodies in the future. It is proved that the ability of the public administration mechanism to overcome globalization challenges and threats should be based on strengthening sovereignty, realization of the national interest, modernization of the public administration system and development of a set of political risk management measures. It is also justified to believe that countries with a high level of democracy may hardly feel the negative impact of globalization on the public administration system. The author defines the concept of public administration in the context of globalization as a flexible, independent, high-quality, efficient and democratic activity of public authorities, the main purpose of which is to solve the strategic tasks and goals of the State in the midst of constant globalization processes, as well as taking into account internal factors of influence and opportunities for the development of the State in general. The author concludes that globalization has a significant impact on public administration, transforming it into a new form which may not justify itself in the future and become a catalyst for negative changes in the State which is not ready for the consequences of globalization processes. Based on this, world experience shows that globalization processes to a certain extent influence the system, formation and development of public administration of states, carrying relevant threats and challenges, overcoming which the governments of these states go through a special stage of their governance, namely, the search for negative consequences of globalization and the formation of ways to overcome them. Thus, in the globalization process, most states that have followed the path of globalization changes ensure compliance with the norms established by the world community, but this leads to the loss of identity, originality, self-expression, full independence, flexibility and possible weakening of national states.

Against the background of existential challenges to its existence as a state, Ukraine under martial law continues to ensure national security, civil and social protection of the population, functioning of education, economy, industry, transport and infrastructure, to perform emergency rescue, construction, repair and restoration work, to overcome various crises phenomena More than a year has already passed since Ukrainian society and the system of public (state) administration have been operating under martial law. In the extremely difficult conditions of martial law, Ukraine is forced not only to defend its independence and territorial integrity, but also to support the economy, social sphere, infrastructure restoration, emergency rescue and construction works, overcome many other crisis phenomena in various spheres of social life and public (state) management. The need to solve, under such extreme conditions, a complex of urgent problems in various spheres of public (state) administration and public life is inevitably connected with increasing the requirements for the level of professional competence of managers and other personnel not only of military administration bodies, but also of state authorities, local selfgovernment bodies, state and communal enterprises, institutions and organizations on sectoral and inter-sectoral public (state) management under martial law. The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the functioning of the system of public (state) administration in the conditions of martial law. The works of well-known specialists in public administration, strategic planning, geopolitics, and national security were analyzed. The legislative basis for the introduction of martial law was considered, as well as the peculiarities of the construction and functioning of the system of public (state) administration in wartime. The construction of the system of public (state) administration in wartime is analyzed. The scheme of the organization of the system of public (state) management in the martial law regime, and its variant, as well as the system of leadership of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations of the state at the strategic level, is given.

This article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical foundations and applied dimensions of implementing the concept of sustainable development within the system of public administration, regional governance, and local self–government. It addresses contemporary global challenges such as geopolitical instability, climate change, war, and post–war recovery. Particular attention is given to the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into national and local policy frameworks, with a focus on their localization, environmental governance, climate adaptation strategies, green budgeting mechanisms, and environmental monitoring tools. The research emphasizes the development of both theoretical understanding and practical competencies among public administration professionals at national, regional, and local levels. These competencies are critical for the implementation of effective state policies and the holistic restoration of public institutions in the aftermath of war. Furthermore, the article proposes a hybrid and adaptive model of governance tailored to Ukraine’s recovery context, one that incorporates best practices from global frameworks such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the European Green Deal, while also reflecting Ukraine’s domestic realities under martial law. The study includes practical policy cases, a specialized glossary, and test–based learning modules, making it applicable for academic and professional training in the public administration domain

The Symposium on Professionalization and Professionalism in Public Administration, contained in this volume of The International Journal of Public Administration, presents some of the most recent outlooks of prominent scholars and practitioners in the field. They have offered their research and insights into a subject of perennial importance. They have charted the significant progress being made in public administration toward its professional development. This collection of refereed articles is a survey updating the evolution of the field in this regard. Several features are noteworthy. First, the articles are arrayed from general to specific--that is, from theoretical presentations and overviews to case studies. Second, the case studies have been arranged from the federal level to sub-national jurisdictions. Third, the Symposium examines not only professional developments in public administration but also the mechanisms engendering and supporting such changes--namely, associations and formal higher educ...

The aim of the article is to comprehens institutionalization of strategic communications in the system of public administration in Ukraine and identify the main stages and preconditions of this process. During the study, we used the complex of historical and national practices and contracts, phenomenological, interdisciplinary, dialectic, synthesis, application, group and system value. The article presents definition of strategic communications in the system of public administration. The authors substantiate a process and result of institutionalisation, formation, normative and organizational support as purposeful consistent activity of public administration subjects on formation and implementation of state policies and strategy, positioning and changes in social conditions, events and phenomena. Formulated the based stages of institutionalization as universal process that takes place on the following stages: formulation of the need and objectives; legislative consolidation of norms and rules, establishing the system of sanctions, comprehensive integration of social activities. Established that strategic communication in the system of public administration are before industrial stage, characterized by awareness of the needs, formulating goals, creating conditions and opportunities for their implementation. The main prerequisites of strategic communications in the system of public administration are: security, value-ideological, legal and are determined society’s need to ensure effective strategic management and develop joint strategic development of the state. Scientific novelty of the research is to analyze the prerequisites for the institutionalization of strategic communications in the system of public administration and determine its main stages and features. The practical significance of article is related to the possibility of using its material in the work of public administration in the development and implementation of the strategic communications in public administration and education process, research quests on improving public governance and administration in Ukraine.

The paper considers specifics of narrow and broad approaches to public administration that existed in the USSR and the Russian Federation, as well as the modern concept of public administration related to the exercise of public power. The causes and periods of the emergence of these concepts are determined. Since public power unites state bodies and local self-government bodies, it is proposed to understand the term «public administration» integrally — as joint, coordinated managerial actions of state and municipal bodies. It is argued that, despite the differences in these concepts, the directions of development of the public administration system are determined by the same trends. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of development of this system, three similar trends are identified. It is shown that the first trend causes a permanent increase in the number of governing bodies (subjects) included in the public administration system. It is determined that at the same time, information communications in the public administration system are growing. Given this circumstance, it is concluded that the second trend in the development of the system is the complication of the architectonics of information communication channels during the transition from one system of public administration to the next generation system, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of management in new socio-economic conditions. It is argued that public administration is carried out through the simultaneous implementation of different management approaches, in particular, centralization and decentralization of management, the use of cybernetic and synergetic tools. In this regard, the third trend in the development of the system under consideration is the transition to a new ideology of convergence of various management mechanisms.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how the identities of the employees of Polish public administration are shaped in the process of public system reforms.Design/methodology/approachThe findings are based on interviews with 40 employees of the Polish public administration. The authors have used open interviews as well as projective methods to discover and explore beliefs and attitudes of bureaucrats towards their work and the system of public administration. The selected sample was diversified both spatially and systematically to reflect the diversity of organisations that constitute the Polish public administration system. Grounded theory was used for data coding and interpretation.FindingsThe study indicates that organisational change initiatives designed to enhance the quality and efficiency of public administration may have negative impacts on the identities of public servants and may lead to their increased incapacity. Rather than sparking entrepreneurial behaviours and transforming bureaucrats into managers, introduction of the rhetoric of New Public Management and New Public Governance in the Polish public administration has contributed to strengthening of classical dysfunctions of bureaucracy.Research limitations/implicationsThe results imply that the understanding of organisational changes in the Eastern European public sector – which are usually studied through the lenses of regulation and economy – would benefit from more sociologically and historically oriented studies. The limitations of our results are associated with the adopted qualitative subjective methodology.Practical implicationsForeign-born templates of reforms may appear to be logical and coherent but they rest on certain assumptions about identities and value structures that are not necessarily congruent with the identities at the adoption site. For that reason, successful reform projects need to consider and problematise the content and shape of culturally conditioned identities.Social implicationsUnderstanding of public sector reforms’ implication should lead to the improvement of change programmes as well as to the evolution of public administration towards a form more desired by the society. It is especially important as Polish society considers public administration as one of factors influencing (in a negative way) the quality of life.Originality/valueThe paper provides insight into public administration reforms in Poland and their impact on public servants’ identities.

The chapter analyzes the main problems that arose as a result of wartime and globalization challenges and dangers. The author substantiates that the basis of the formation of a high-quality and effective state policy is the professionalization of the civil service, which in turn requires the rational use of the spectrum of personnel technologies (starting with career guidance and developing throughout the career of a civil servant). At the same time, applying personnel technologies to each individual official is too difficult both technologically and materially. Therefore, it is currently necessary to develop and implement a rational distribution of positions in the public administration system, which would combine positions that are homogeneous in terms of functional duties and performed functions. Thus, the problem of professionalization of public administration can be solved by developing and implementing a rational distribution of positions in the public administration system. The research proposed an innovative matrix for the distribution of positions in the public administration system.

Refounding Public Administration (Wamsley et al., 1990) was a pioneering publication in the field of U.S. public administration. It was one of the early efforts that challenged Herbert Simon’s theory of bounded rationality and the implications of underscoring the study and practice of public administration based largely from the application of New Public Management theories, public choice theory, behavioralism, and logical positivism. The first chapter in this book, Public Administration and the Governance Process: Shifting the Political Dialogue, is commonly referred to as the Blacksburg Manifesto because its authors, Gary Wamsley, Charles Goodsell, John Rohr, Camilla Stivers, Orion White, and James Wolf, were part of the Center for Public Administration and Policy at Virginia Tech located in Blacksburg. The Manifesto called for a normative approach to the study and practice of public administration and was one of the first major publications in the latter part of the twentieth century that explicitly defended the bureaucracy. Wamsley and his colleagues made the case that U.S. public administration served as a core institutional component of American government and worked to advance democratic governance. The four themes of the Blacksburg Manifesto complement the aims of theConstitutional School because each points to the importance of grounding all facets of public administration in the rule of law and democraticconstitutionalism. First, the agency perspective maintains that we should understand the responsibilities of public sector agencies with a fuller appreciation for how they benefit society at large. It also serves to promote and direct the public interest in a manner that emphasizes the historical, institutional, political, and constitutional underpinnings for how public issues and public policies affect the citizenry. Secondly, the Blacksburg perspective emphasizes the public interest, which Wamsley argues is a multi-dimensional approach to solving public problems. It seeks to incorporate a long-range perspective into deliberation on matters affecting public sector governance. This specific method for advancing the public interest attempts to consider all positions in the decision-making process, especially when competingmost John Rohr’s (1986) influence on the Blacksburg school of thought wasprofound. The third theme of the Manifesto relates specifically to Rohr’s argument that the constitutional heritage of the United States legitimates the administrative state in word and deed. Grounding the American administrative state in the constitutional foundations of the nation provides the normative framework that enables the field of public administration to promote democratic governance and in doing so advance the broadest possible public interest (Wamsley et al., 1990). This analysis represents the core of the Constitutional School. It speaks to how the constitutional foundation of the nation provides the foundation to examine, to understand, and to underscore the most central dynamics of the democratic governance process. The final theme of the Manifesto focuses on the role of the publicadministrator, which is a position that demands the utmost professionalism (Wamsley et al., 1990; Green et al., 1993). Professionalism in public administration underscores the expectation that civil servants be competent in their job responsibilities, service-oriented, able to define the public interest in the broadest possible manner, conserve the nation’s constitutional heritage, and be able to uphold the oath of office (Wamsley et al., 1990; Green et al., 1993; Terry, 2003). These professional expectations help to distinguish public administration from other professions and other forms of administration (Green et al., 1993). The Constitutional School embraces this framework because of itsemphasis on the democratic-constitutional requirements associated with public service and public administration. The Constitutional School works to draw attention for how the democratic-constitutional responsibilities of public sector governance work to differentiate the sectors from each other. This effort runs deep within the public administration literature to include Graham Allison’s (1979) explanation for why public and private management are alike in all the unimportant respects; Ronald Moe’s (1987) analysis regarding the limits of privatization; and Larry Terry’s (2005) argument for how the application of private sector norms and values work to thin public administrative institutions and subsequently create a hollow state incapable of governing according to constitutional expectations. Like Larry Terry, I am a product of the Blacksburg school of thought.John Rohr was my major professor and dissertation chair and Gary Wamsley served as one of my most trusted academic and professional advisors throughout my time at Virginia Tech. One of the most profound lessons of my graduate education was Wamsley’s explanation regarding the contemporary relevance of the Manifesto. The field, according to Wamsley, is constantly changing because the needs of the citizenry are always shifting. The Refounding effort, perhaps more than any other piece of literature written since Dwight Waldo’s (1948) classic treatise The Administrative State, recognizes this reality. Throughout Wamsley’s pedagogical career, he

The main purpose of the article is to identify and organize the main threats to the effective management of personnel potential in the public administration system. The object of the study is the personnel potential management system. The main scientific task will be to identify and organize the main threats to the effective management of personnel potential in the public administration system for a better understanding of which measures should be prioritized and which should not. The research methodology involves the application of modern econometric methods to achieve the set goal in the form of identifying and organizing the main threats to the management of personnel potential in the public administration system. The importance of the study of the theoretical and methodological principles of personnel management in the system of public administration has been proven. The key aspects that reveal the essence of human resource management in the public administration system are characterized. The importance of the human resources management system for public administration is proven. The key aspects of the influence of personnel potential management elements on the public administration system are determined. As a result, the main threats to the effective management of personnel potential in the public administration system were identified. As a result of the study, the main threats to the effective management of personnel potential in the public administration system were sorted out. Thus, it has been established which threats require an operational response, which are tactical, and which are strategic. The study has limitations and is manifested in the failure to take into account all possible threats to the management of personnel potential in the system of public administration. In our study, only a number of internal threats to the management of personnel potential to the system of public administration were taken into account. Further research should be devoted to countermeasures and external threats to the effective management of personnel potential in the public administration system.

The article highlights the peculiarities of the theoretical foundations of the digital transformation of public management and administration systems in the developed countries of the world and Ukraine. A detailed analysis of the formation and development of digitalization processes at the stage of humanity's transition to the era of the information society - knowledge society, or «Society 5.0» was conducted and it was established that the purposeful and planned transformation of national public administration systems on a digital basis is today a global trend. The leading countries of the world consider digitization as a priority national strategic task and a certain driver of new paradigms and concepts of public administration. The new «digital» management is characterized by complexity, organizational and contextual diversity, the very essence of management processes, which consists in the transition from traditional hierarchical and vertical «administration» to a horizontal network system of the platform type with extensive use of tools for digital service-oriented interaction of state authorities and citizen. It is substantiated that in the conditions of the post-war recovery of our state, one of the first steps should be the implementation of all possible steps regarding the further development of the processes of digitalization of state management and administration in Ukraine, which will significantly strengthen the internal human potential of our state and increase its competitiveness on world markets. The transition to a new «digital public administration» will lead to an increase in the quality of public services, a reduction in unjustified state intervention in the processes of self-regulation of market and social relations. This will make it possible to get rid of corruption, increase the efficiency and effectiveness of public administration of our country as a whole.