Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during rainy season (kharif) of 2014 and 2015 at Punjab Agricultural Univer- sity, Ludhiana, Punjab to study the effect of planting methods, viz. Happy seeder sowing, straw chopper + zero till- age sowing and conventional sowing and biofertilizers, viz. Bradyrhizobium, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Bradyrhizobium + PGPR on nutrient uptake, energy indices, productivity and profitability of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Results showed significantly higher seed yield, gross returns, net returns and benefit: cost ratio with happy seeder sowing as compared to straw chopper + zero tillage sowing and conventional sowing. N, P and K uptake by seed and straw were significantly higher in happy seeder sowing than straw chopper + zero tillage sowing and conventional sowing. Happy seeder sowing recorded the lowest energy input and the highest energy-output, net energy, energy-use efficiency and energy productivity. Seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium and/or PGPR did not influence N, P and K uptake by seed and straw and energy indices significantly. However, combined inoculation of Bradyrhizobium and PGPR recorded the highest gross returns, net returns and benefit: cost ratio. Zero tillage with happy seeder sowing was found promising with the highest net returns and energy-use efficiency.
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