Abstract
The problem of providing the population of Ukraine with products of animal origin is currently very urgent, because barely two-thirds of the population is supplied with meat products, and a little more than half with dairy products. Traditional harvesting technologies cannot provide a sufficient amount of highly nutritious fodder, mainly due to significant losses during the implementation of technological operations. One of the ways to increase the intensity of fodder production is the fractional harvesting of high-protein green plants with the allocation of protein-vitamin concentrate as the main type of fodder. The analysis of the latest research and publications showed that currently there are no single, scientifically based recommendations regarding the rational set of machines and mode parameters of their operation when implementing this technology. Based on the results of previous studies, an experimental set of machines was formed to implement the technology of wet fractionation of alfalfa. The technological scheme includes such lines as dosing, disintegration (shredding) and wet fractionation of green plants, a line for coagulation of green juice, a line for separating the suspension obtained as a result of coagulation, a line for drying vegetable protein-vitamin concentrate and making pellets from it. Modeling the operation of the specified complex of machines allowed to determine the rational parameters of the operation of most of them, to outline the ways of further improvement of the nomenclature of machines, their location in technological lines, etc. For example, to increase the productivity of the filtration operation of the suspension obtained after coagulation of the green juice of alfalfa, it is advisable to direct it to special tanks for settling before sending it to the filter press, which will allow to increase the output of the protein-vitamin concentrate after filtering. The conducted modeling of the experimental complex of machines for the implementation of the fractional technology of harvesting alfalfa with the production of protein-vitamin concentrate showed the prospects of this technology for the development of the fodder industry.
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