Production of somatic hybrids between S. tuberosum L. and late blight resistant Mexican wild potato species

Abstract

Interspecific somatic hybrids between dihaploid breeding clones of potato, S. tuberosum and two accessions of wild Mexican species S. pinnatisectum and the hybrid line S. pinnatisectum × S. bulbocastanum were regenerated following electrofusion of mesophyll protoplasts to combine important agricultural traits of S. tuberosum and a high level of late blight resistance from selected wild accessions. In two fusion combinations 239 calli were regenerated; 162 from 195 calli analysed were identified as hybrids by means of isozyme analysis of peroxidases and, for some hybrid clones, by RAPD analysis. Depending on the fusion combination, 47–89 percent of the somatic hybrids had the expected ploidy level and 7–16 percent were mixoploids. Somatic hybrids were phenotypically intermediate as compared to their parents and some of them were able to be backcrossed sexually with potato. Fertility and crossability depended on combination and ploidy level of the somatic hybrids. In tests with detached leaves the wild partner clones had a high late blight resistance score of 8,6 and 8,9; the susceptible tuberosum-partners of 2,8 and 3,5, respectively. Nearly 25 percent of somatic hybrids had a resistance level of 6 or higher in the first year of assessment. The average resistance value of most somatic hybrids was lower than the average parental level. The reasons for variation in resistance values are discussed in connection with the practical application of fusion hybrids.