Abstract
It is shown that a non-relativistic theory for laminar shocks breaks down for a plasma having a rather high Alfvén speed, \(v_{\text{A}}{\gtrsim}c\)( m e / m i ) 1/2 . By using a 2-1/2 dimension, fully relativistic, fully electromagnetic particle code, time evolution of quasi-perpendicular shocks in such plasmas is studied. Some ions and electrons are accelerated simultaneously to highly relativistic speeds by the shock.
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