Abstract
ABSTRACT Fertilizers supply in the appropriate period and dose is important to obtain satisfactory production. In this research we studied the effect of different split applications and doses of nitrogen in top dressing on the production of the carrot and the physicochemical characteristics of the roots. Nine treatments, resulting from a factorial of 4x2+1 (control without nitrogen fertilization), were evaluated in the randomized blocks experimental design, with four replications. The first factor were four nitrogen (N) doses in top dressing (60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1) and the second were two forms of splitting [three equal applications (1/3+1/3+1/3 of the dose) and one with increasing proportions (1/6+2/6+3/6 of the dose) applied 15, 30 and 50 days after emergence]. We evaluated shoot height, fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight, root diameter and length, yield and some physicochemical characteristics of roots (soluble solids, titratable acidity, maturation index, pH, carotenoid content and reducing sugars). For most of the studied characteristics were observed quadratic effects for N dose, with an estimated maximum yield of 117.7 t ha-1 for the dose of 138 kg N ha-1. The splitting 1/6+2/6+3/6 resulted in higher values for fresh weight of shoot and root, root diameter, yield and carotenoid content, compared to the splitting 1/3+1/3+1/3.
Highlights
O fornecimento dos adubos na época e nas doses adequadas é importante para a obtenção de uma produtividade satisfatória
A small part of the nitrogen is provided before sowing along with phosphorous and potassium, and the remainder distributed in top dressing, one or more times, coinciding with the time of higher demand of culture (Silva et al, 2004)
Soil was fertilized at a 20cm depth with a rotary tiller bed former with 360 kg ha-1 of formulated 4-14-8, complementing the amounts of nitrogen and potassium with ammonium sulfate and potassium chloride, respectively
Summary
O fornecimento dos adubos na época e nas doses adequadas é importante para a obtenção de uma produtividade satisfatória. Objetivou-se estudar formas de parcelamento e doses de nitrogênio em cobertura na produção de cenoura e nas características físico-químicas das raízes. Of the applied nitrogen, about 10 to 15% is absorbed at the beginning and at the end of their growth and the remaining 85-90% during the growth phase of the plant (Moniruzzaman et al, 2013) These authors showed that during its various stages of growth, the plant needs different amounts of nutrients, this is, when the plant is young, the absorption of nutrients is small, it follows a period of logarithmic accumulation and during the final period there occur a stabilization phase. Due to different requirement of nutrient amounts during the growth stages and, due to rapid loss of nitrogen, the fertilizer supply at the phase of greater demand in the recommended doses is important. It established the hypothesis that the supply of this nutrient in top dressing through different application times could provide better utilization by the plants in their stages of higher nutritional requirement. The aim of this research was to study the effect of different forms and nitrogen application doses in top dressing on the production and physicochemical characteristics of carrot roots
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