Privacy in the age of data breaches – the ‘social media ban’ in Australia

Research Question: This paper examines consumer ethnocentrism (CE) as marketing challenge for companies. Motivation: The purpose of the paper is to examine the antecedents and consequences of CE, who high-ethnocentric consumers are and whether CE can be used in marketing. Data: Results are derived from primary data collected from a consumer sample in Serbia during 2016 in retail stores of different retail chains in Belgrade. Sample included 200 examinees between 16 and 74 years. Tools: CE is measured by CETSCALE (consumer ethnocentric tendencies scale, 17 statements) developed by Shimp and Sharma (1987). Findings: The results indicate that CE can best be explained by a combination of national culture, the characteristics of consumers, product categories, the perceived value of companies and the integrated marketing communications of companies and countries. Furthermore, the results show that significant differences in CE exist between different groups of consumers and product categories. The theoretical contribution and the managerial impactions based on the findings are provided. The conceptual frameworks (Figure 1 and Figure 2) represent the theoretical contribution. The frameworks can be used by marketers for their effective target marketing (market segmentation, market targeting and market positioning). This study underlines the different practical implications of the high level of CE for domestic and foreign companies in the Serbian market. Domestic companies have the opportunity to encourage CE. This study provides marketers with useful marketing strategies and tactics for domestic and foreign companies with respect to CE. The high level of CE is a marketing opportunity for domestic companies. Foreign companies face a bigger challenge with certain product categories which are directed towards certain groups - high-ethnocentric consumers. Particular challenges for foreign companies are promotional campaigns of domestic companies and governments in countries that are directed towards domestic products purchasing. Contribution: This study suggests the marketing strategies and tactics for the encouragement of CE for domestic companies. On the other hand, the high level of CE is a marketing threat to foreign companies. This study suggests the marketing strategies and tactics for decreasing the influence of CE for foreign companies. The results of this study can be used both for further research and in practice.

국내 및 국외 뒤영벌 생산업체의 서양뒤영벌(Bombus terrestris) 산란율, 봉군형성률, 신여왕출현 봉군율 등 봉세발달 및 인공월동 후 생존율을 비교 조사하였다. 국내 3개와 국외 1개 생산업체의 창설여왕벌 봉군에서 생산된 일벌수는 232.4-270.8마리, 여왕벌수는 62.0-181.8마리로 다소의 차이는 있었으나 국내 및 국외 뒤영벌 생산업체간에 유의성은 없었다. 업체별로 생산된 여왕벌을 탄산가스처리후 사육한 결과, 산란율, 봉군형성률, 신여왕출현봉군율 등 봉세발달은 국내업체에서 생산한 서양뒤영벌이 유럽산보다 우수한 것으로 나타났으나, 일벌 및 여왕벌수는 유럽산 뒤영벌이 다소 많은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 국내 3개 뒤영벌 생산업체와 유럽 2개 업체에서 생산된 서양뒤영벌을 인공월동하여 사육한 경우에도 다소의 차이가 있었지만, 생존율 및 봉세발달에서 뚜렷한 차이가 없었다. 이와 같이 업체별로 생산된 창설여왕벌과 2세대 여왕벌의 휴면처리를 달리하여 사육한 결과, 국내 및 국외 뒤영벌 생산업체의 서양뒤영벌의 봉세 간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. We compared colony development and survival rate after artificial hibernation between the bumblebees, Bombus terrestris, produced from domestic and foreign companies. The number of worker and queen produced from foundation colony of three domestic and one foreign companies was 232.4-270.8 and 62.0-181.8, respectively, but there was no statistical difference. In colony development of B. terrestris queens which were terminated diapause by <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> narcosis at different companies, oviposition rate, colony foundation and progeny-queen production of bumblebees produced from domestic companies were superior to those from foreign company. But foreign company in the number of worker and queen was superior to domestic companies. On the other hand, survival rate and colony development of B. terrestris queens, which were terminated diapause by artificial hibernation at three domestic and two foreign companies, were no significant differences. These results indicate that oviposition, colony foundation, progeny-queen production, and survival rate after artificial hibernation showed no differences between the bumblebees produced from domestic and foreign companies.

Determinants of Employee Innovative Behavior: Do Foreign and Domestic Companies in Russia Differ?

Growing research and development of targeted anticancer drugs in China

This research explores the effect of financial and business performance to market share of non life insurance companies in Taiwan from 2005 to 2011. First, apply factor analysis to extract seventeen financial ratios into four factors which are defined as “risk assumption ability,” “investment performance,” “underwriting quality,” and “business ability.” The factor scores are calculated for the comparison of financial and business performance between domestic and foreign companies, under different systems, before and after financial crisis by One-Way ANOVA. The results find out the risk assumption ability, investment performance of domestic companies are significantly superior to foreign companies, but domestic companies in underwriting quality aren’t as good as foreign companies. The investment performance of companies under financial holding system is superior to non-financial holding system. The parameter estimate of fixed effects model show domestic companies have higher market shares than foreign companies and the business ability was significant in the domestic model. The results also show that the “risk assumption ability”, “underwriting quality” and “investment ability” significantly affect market share in financial holding system and non-financial holding system, but “business ability” does not affect market share under different systems.

This paper employs a case study of the Norwegian forest concession law of 1909 and concession policy from 1909–28 to examine the expansion of state resource regulation at the start of the 1900s. The case is studied by examining the main aims of the law and what concession policy was conducted for forests between 1909–28. The forest concession law of 1909 regulated the sale of forests, requiring all buyers of forest property larger than municipal limits to acquire concession. Strict limitations were set on domestic companies’ ability to purchase forests, while foreign companies were effectively barred. Non-local Norwegian citizens were also required to acquire concession. The forest concession law had four aims: (1) Improve local political and economic conditions, (2) Stop foreign acquisitions of forests, (3) Avoid monopolies and unhealthy competition, (4) Avoid speculation on forests. The Norwegian forest concession policy was, in nearly the entire period, to support local and municipal forest ownership and restrict both foreign and domestic companies’ ownership of forests. The law was similar to Finnish and Swedish forest regulations in promoting social goals such as protecting farmers and crofters but was somewhat more protective than the Finnish and Swedish regulations.

This article highlights theoretical and practical aspects of financial stability of modern domestic and foreign industrial companies with full cycle of extraction and processing of minerals.&#x0D; It was detected that nowadays there is no clearly developed system of quantitative and target indicators of management of sustainable and efficient development of modern domestic and foreign industrial companies in conditions of uncertainty, economic instability and aggressive business environment.&#x0D; Basing on the usage of world’s experience of usage of key models of multiple discriminatory analysis of assessment of probability of bankruptcy, we have developed relevant recommendations that disclose influence of negative trends on peculiarities of functioning of modern industrial leading companies and probability of termination of their activity in the nearest future.&#x0D; Received scientific results and relevant financial and economic calculations must be used in context of making justified management decisions in modern industrial companies concerning provision of their successful functioning and increasing of the efficiency of their business activity with the possibility of strengthening of competitor positions on the external market of iron ore raw materials by means of implementation of programs of financial rehabilitation and anti-crisis measures in order to solve the priority tasks of updating energy-intensive and physically-worn technological complexes.&#x0D; Basing on system research, the authors proposed scientific and methodical approach to substantiation of influence of key aspects of functioning of modern industrial domestic and foreign companies on the efficiency of their activity considering implementation of financial strategies of support and further effective usage of mineral deposits in difficult economic conditions.

This paper studies the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the development of innovative capacity of Russian companies. The study is based on innovation survey of R&D oriented companies in St. Petersburg and Moscow. The results show that the labour productivity of foreign companies is 10% higher than domestic companies. As a whole, domestic companies have higher R&D expenditure of sales, 6.5% against 6.2% for foreign companies. There are very small differences between foreign and domestic companies in the innovative capacity measured by new product development or patent activity. On the other hand, according to international statistics the productivity of Russian R&D is very low. Thus the results indicate that FDI has quite limited effect on the development of innovative capacity of Russian companies.

The purpose of this article is to compare the performance of domestic and foreign companies in Poland. It is widely recognized that companies with foreign capital use more modern solutions, both technological and organizational than domestic companies in the host country what may affect the effects of foreign companies’ activity. As a result foreign companies may achieve relatively better financial results. The research findings present the areas and conditions under which domestic companies achieve similar effects or in some cases better ones than foreign companies.

The purpose of this article is to compare the performance of domestic and foreign companies in Poland. It is widely recognized that companies with foreign capital use more modern solutions, both technological and organizational than domestic companies in the host country what may affect the effects of foreign companies’ activity. As a result foreign companies may achieve relatively better financial results. The research findings present the areas and conditions under which domestic companies achieve similar effects or in some cases better ones than foreign companies.

Background/Objectives: The occurrence of privacy issues arising in the course of collecting the sensitive personal information for the purpose of the provision of wellness care services as a stumbling block to the commercialization of such services. Methods/Statistical analysis: The study will define the main agents by drawing up a flowchart which will show by personal information life cycle the flow of the collection, retention, and utilization/provision of the PWR(Personal Wellness Record) on the platform. In addition, the study will draw out legal measures and infringement risks based on the flow of personal information and present relevant personal information protection measures. Findings: The PWR are sensitive information about individuals’ health, body, and psychology, and they involve a serious concern about privacy breach when collected. In addition, since the platforms such as IoT devices, Database/Web Server, and mobile application themselves have security weaknesses, countermeasures against the occurrence of hacking and infringement incidents are needed in order to protect personal information. This study presented a research method for solving privacy and information security issues by using the cases of the wellness care platform. An application of the derived personal information security measures to the platform is expected to help solve the problems of the utilization and protection of the personal information in the future wellness care platform and contribute to the market revitalization. Improvements/Applications: This study presented a solution for the utilization and the protection of personal information using PIA focusing on the cases of the forest healing-based u-wellness care platform.

Manufacturing companies are pushing for smart manufacturing strategies that combine next-generation new technologies and manufacturing technologies beyond the existing factory automation level. Accordingly, domestic and foreign manufacturing companies are rapidly developing tasks such as product planning, R&D, production, process, quality, facilities, supply chain management, and customer management from traditional manufacturing methods. In this rapidly changing global economic environment, domestic and foreign companies are rushing to make digital transformation to secure their own manufacturing competitiveness. In this rapidly changing global economic environment, domestic and foreign companies are rushing to make digital transformation to secure their own manufacturing competitiveness. Recently, the Korean manufacturing industry is also rapidly changing due to the convergence of the 4th Industrial Revolution technology with the traditional manufacturing method. The manufacturing environment is changing due to the application of ICT technology and digital transformation throughout corporate activities, and this acceleration of innovative digital transformation activities will break the value chain not only inside the company but also across the industry and lay the foundation for Korea’s continued growth.

lawmaking, as abstract incantations of the importance of "privacy" do not fare well when pitted against more concretely stated countervailing interests.In 1960, the famous torts scholar William Prosser attempted to make sense of the landscape of privacy law by identifying four different interests.But Prosser focused only on tort law, and the law of information privacy is significantly more vast and complex, extending to Fourth Amendment law, the constitutional right to information privacy, evidentiary privileges, dozens of federal privacy statutes, and hundreds of state statutes.Moreover, Prosser wrote over 40 years ago, and new technologies have given rise to a panoply of new privacy harms.A new taxonomy to understand privacy violations is thus sorely needed.This Article develops a taxonomy to identify privacy problems in a comprehensive and concrete manner.It endeavors to guide the law toward a more coherent understanding of privacy and to serve as a framework for the future development of the field of privacy law.

The main purpose of this study is to determine the level of disclosure diferences between foreign and domestic companies. Tis study was focused on companies that involved in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Domestic Investment (DI). In this study, FDIis the criteriaforforeign companies, whileDIis the criteriafordomestic companies. 450 companies were observed and 86 companies obtained as samples with a purposive sampling method. Tis study usinf Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test analysis. IFRS disclosure checklist f rom PwC was used to analyze the level of disclosure. Te level of disclosure measures with Total Discosure Ratio. Also, the fnding of this study reveals that there are deferences in the level of disclosure between foreign and domestic company.Keywords: Level of disclosure, foreign company, domestic company and IFRS.

In order to achieve its goals and objectives, every company needs to choose the most effective IT project management method. This study aims to determine which methods are used by companies the most, in IT project management governance, both domestic and foreign companies. This study also aims to determine which methods are most effectively used. Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is conducted to collect and evaluate previous studies related to IT project management. Among studies collected from DOAJ and Google Scholar, only 23 studies are considered eligible. This study finds that scrum is both the most used and the most effective IT project management method in domestic companies while agile is both the most used and the most effective IT project management in foreign companies.&#x0D; Keywords: SLR, IT project management, IT project management method