Abstract
BACKGROUND: Facial recognition technology can significantly benefit society if used ethically. Various private sector, government, and civil society groups have created guidance documents to help guide the ethical use of this technology. OBJECTIVE: The study’s objective was to identify the common themes in these ethical guidance documents and determine the prevalence of those themes. METHODS: A qualitative content analysis of 25 facial recognition technology ethical guidance documents published within the United States or by international groups that included representation from the United States. RESULTS: The results show eight themes within the facial recognition technology ethical guidance documents: privacy, responsibility, accuracy and performance, accountability, transparency, lawful use, fairness, and purpose limitation. The most prevalent themes were privacy and responsibility. CONCLUSIONS: By following common ethical recommendations, industry actors can help address the challenges that may arise when seeking to develop, deploy, and use facial recognition technology. The research findings can inform the current debates regarding the ethical use of this technology and might help further the development of ethical norms within the industry.
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