Abstract
The incidence of papillary cell carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is rare and occurs in 1% of TDCs. Due to embryological remnants of thyroid tissue located in the TDC, the same malignant tumors that develop in the thyroid tissue can also develop in the TDC. The occurrence of carcinoma of TDC, even though rare and unexpected, should always be considered an option and histologically ruled out mainly on account of the atypical localization. We report a case of papillary carcinoma arising in a TDC, presenting with an anterior neck mass in a 28-year-old woman, who underwent a Sistrunk procedure for removal of the mass with total thyroidectomy and neck dissection. Fine-needle aspiration cytology did not contribute to the diagnosis. Based on the histopathologic findings, the patient received postoperative iodine-131 ablation treatment (120 mCi). This type of carcinoma usually has a good prognosis with an overall survival rate of 95.5% at 10 years. Carcinomas of TDC demonstrate lower frequency of regional lymph node metastasis in comparison with that arising in the thyroid gland proper and can be successfully managed with surgery and careful follow-up.
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