Abstract
Background: Wild pistachio (Pistacia Atlantica mutica) species with wide distribution in Iran have different nutrition properties and may have therapeutic effects in metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome, as a prevalent health problem, is a main risk factor for different chronic diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of mixture, kernel, and hull oil of wild pistachio (WP) on oxidative stress markers, liver function and histopathological findings in metabolic syndrome induced rats. Materials and Methods: After oil extraction by cold press method and chemical analysis, rats were divided into 6 groups. Group 1 received normal saline; group 2 received 2cc fructose solution and 0.5cc normal saline; and groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 received 2 cc fructose solution and 0.5 cc sunflower oil, mixture, hull and kernel oils of WP for 10 weeks, respectively. Then, glycemic indices, oxidative stress, liver enzymes and histopathological examination were determined using standard laboratory tests. Results: WP Kernel and mixture oils notably decreased the fasting blood sugar and insulin resistance compared with the fructose group. Insulin level was significantly increased in the kernel oil group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in oxidative stress, liver enzymes and histopathology parameters among the groups. Conclusion: Kernel oil of WP improved hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and insulin secretion, but the changes in oxidative stress markers, liver enzymes and histopathologic results were not significant among the groups. [GMJ.2019;8:e1238]
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome is a combination of metabolic disturbances and is known as the insulin resistance (IR) syndrome [1, 2]
On the basis of previous studies, oil of wild pistachio (WP) fruit is considered a major source of oleic acid, the most abundant monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and some valuable lipid-soluble bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, phenols, and phytosterols [13, 18].the aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of different WP oils on oxidative stress status, liver enzymes, and histopathological findings in metabolic syndrome models
Chemical Analysis of the Oils Table-1 shows that oleic acid is the main fatty acid of WP kernel and hull oils (51.17% and 54.33%), but sunflower oil has 25% oleic acid content
Summary
Metabolic syndrome is a combination of metabolic disturbances and is known as the insulin resistance (IR) syndrome [1, 2]. On the basis of previous studies, oil of WP fruit is considered a major source of oleic acid, the most abundant MUFA, and some valuable lipid-soluble bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, phenols, and phytosterols [13, 18].the aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of different WP oils on oxidative stress status, liver enzymes, and histopathological findings in metabolic syndrome models. The present study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of mixture, kernel, and hull oil of wild pistachio (WP) on oxidative stress markers, liver function and histopathological findings in metabolic syndrome induced rats. Conclusion: Kernel oil of WP improved hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and insulin secretion, but the changes in oxidative stress markers, liver enzymes and histopathologic results were not significant among the groups. Conclusion: Kernel oil of WP improved hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and insulin secretion, but the changes in oxidative stress markers, liver enzymes and histopathologic results were not significant among the groups. [GMJ.2019;8:e1238] DOI:10.22086/gmj.v8i0.1238
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