Preventing mosquito bites – Websites and apps how well do we manage the advice?

Abstract

Nanomaterials have strikingly different physicochemical and optoelectronic properties which are now being widely investigated for a broad spectrum of applications in agriculture, textile, medicine, drug delivery, biochemical sensors, and allied areas. Hereby, the growing need for the fabrication of exotic nanostructures, surface manipulation, and functionalization has inspired us to explore a biological route apart from several available chemical and physical approaches. Recently, mycogenic synthesis has gained considerable attention due to the promising ability of a diverse group of yeast and fungus to produce an array of nanoparticles composed of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, zinc, platinum, cadmium, and even metal composites and oxides. Fungi-assisted synthesis of nanostructures with desirable shapes and sizes is either intracellular or extracellular, where NADH-dependent nitrate reductase enzyme plays an important role in the transformation of metal ions into metal nanoparticles. Morphological features like the size and shape of the nanoparticles depend on the microorganism utilized and the reaction conditions employed during the synthesis process. This mycogenic green synthesis of nanoparticles is safe, environmentally benign, rapid, efficient, and biocompatible. In this chapter, we provide an elaborate description of the recent advances of nanobiotechnological applications of fungi that include synthesis, possible mechanisms, and their potential applications.