Prevalence, pattern, and correlates of dyslipidemia in Bangladeshi individuals

Abstract

The burden of dyslipidemia in Bangladesh remains inadequately characterized. To determine and describe the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia and its associated risk factors among an adult Bangladeshi population. Population-based, cross-sectional study. Participants were adults living in all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. The total sample size was 7084 (53.1% women, 46.9% urban residents). Primary outcome measures were triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the use of lipid lowering medication. In addition, control of LDL-C and control of non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) were investigated. The overall dyslipidemia prevalence was 76.7%, with 35.7% showing a high TG level, 18.5% showing a high LDL-C level, 63.8% showing a low HDL-C level, and 7.2% of the participants showing all three lipid abnormalities. Sylhet division had the highest prevalence (83.8%) of overall dyslipidemia, while Rangpur had the lowest prevalence (69.3%). The control of LDL-C (<50mg/dL) and non-HDL-C (<80mg/dl) among adults with a previous history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) were 5.1% and 6.9% respectively. The regression models showed that male sex and age 45-59 years were significant predictors of overall dyslipidemia. Both smokers and smokeless tobacco users were significant factors for overall dyslipidemia and high TG. A high waist-hip ratio was associated with overall dyslipidemia and all other subtypes of dyslipidemia. The high prevalence of dyslipidemia in Bangladesh necessitates lifestyle interventions to prevent and control this cardiovascular risk factor.