Abstract
Aimto determine the prevalence of thrombosis in dialysis patients. BackgroundThrombosis is the most common cause of vascular access dysfunction in dialysis patients. Various studies have reported different prevalence rates of thrombosis, and no systematic study provides a comprehensive result on this subject. MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, a search of available texts was conducted until the end of December 2023, using keywords such as Thrombosis, end-stage renal disease, end-stage kidney disease, hemodialysis, and dialysis in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Ovid, Science Direct, Clinical Key, EMBASE, CINAHL, SID, and MagIran. The random-effects model was used, and the heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I2 index. The quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the STROBE checklist. Meta-analysis was performed using CMA version 2 and STATA version 14 software. The study adhered to the guidelines stated in the PRISMA statement. ResultsOut of 12,604 articles found, after removing duplicates and conducting evaluations, the full text of 415 articles was examined, and ultimately, 141 articles were included in the study. The overall prevalence of thrombosis was 14.2% (95% CI: 11.5-17.2). The prevalence of thrombosis was higher in dialysis patients under 50 years of age (17.1%, 95% CI: 11.3-23.8) and patients with vascular access (16.2%, 95% CI: 13.1-19.5), especially arteriovenous grafts (22.8%, 95% CI: 14.5-32.4). Additionally, the prevalence of late thrombosis was higher than that of early thrombosis (15.0% vs. 5.3%) (95% CI: 7.7-24.2 vs. 95% CI: 2.7-8.5). ConclusionsThe results indicate a relatively high prevalence of thrombosis in dialysis patients. The prevalence of thrombosis in patients with arteriovenous grafts was notable. Considering the risks of thrombosis, the adoption of preventive measures in hemodialysis patients, such as the use of anticoagulant drugs, is recommended.
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