Abstract
Different species of mosquito serves as a vector for transmitting malaria. Malaria is still a serious public health problem in Nigeria. Knowledge of the mosquito species, their diversity, and their composition would help immensely toward proper implementation of the different control strategies. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of mosquitoes and feeding or biting period in Gidan Yunfa community of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria. The Larvae and Pupae were collected from breeding sites. Adult mosquitoes were sampled using CDC light traps (situated indoor and outdoor) and Pyrethrum Spray Catch methods. Mosquitoes were identified morphologically. A total of 6,410 adult mosquitoes with 2,142 (33.42 %) obtained from CDC light traps and 4,268 (66.58%) from the larval collections were identified belonging to 3 genera Aedes , Anopheles , and Culex . A maximum number of mosquitoes were caught with CDC traps. The abundance of the different genera varied significantly (P<0.05) with Anopheles having the highest occurrence (54.75%) followed by Culex mosquitoes with 40.42%. Aedes has the least abundance with 8.05%. The indoor and outdoor feeding habits of the different species varied significantly (P<0.05). Nature of the houses and tethering of animal in residential houses and abundance of breeding places may explain the reason behind the higher prevalence of the mosquito in this community.
Highlights
Mosquitoes as vectors are responsible for the transmission of many diseases
The report shows that many diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, etc. are transmitted to millions of people annually through mosquito vectors [17]
It was shown that 36 mosquito-borne arboviruses were indigenous to Africa and regarded Africa as the source of most of the major mosquito-borne viruses of medical importance that currently constitute serious global public health threats [3]
Summary
Mosquitoes as vectors are responsible for the transmission of many diseases. The report shows that many diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, etc. Are transmitted to millions of people annually through mosquito vectors [17]. 3500 species of mosquitoes were reported from different parts of the world [1]. Several species serve as vectors for many infectious diseases [15] because of their abundance, vector capability, recurrent infection, and diversity [16]. In 2015 around the globe 50 to 200 million dengue incidences occurred with approximately 20,000 deaths [13]. It was shown that 36 mosquito-borne arboviruses were indigenous to Africa and regarded Africa as the source of most of the major mosquito-borne viruses of medical importance that currently constitute serious global public health threats [3]
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