Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic disease considered an important risk factor to high level of morbidity and mortality in the world. The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors in Sinop (MT/Brazil). This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 between February and November. Data collection included self-reported behavioral risk factors and clinical measurements comprising blood pressure and anthropometry, totaling 649 adult subjects. The prevalence of hypertension was 39%, being higher in men (23%) than women (16%). Overall, 33.4% were obese and 39.9% were overweight; 12.5% smoke one or more packs of cigarettes per day; 68.9% were sedentary; 50.5% demonstrated altered waist/hip ratio; 22.8% and 50.8%, respectively, presented high and very high cardiovascular risk by waist circumference measure. Odds ratio analyses demonstrated that hypertension was associated with male subjects, increased age, excess weight and high waist/hip ratio as well altered waist circumference. This study showed high prevalence of hypertension, overweight and obesity in Sinop/MT. In addition, many hypertensive patients under anti-hypertensive treatment showed uncontrolled blood pressure levels. There was a significant association between hypertension and age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference and waist/hip ratio.
Highlights
Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) is a chronic disease characterized by high and constant systolic and diastolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 140mmHg and 90mmHg, respectively (Brasil, 2006; WHO, 2015)
The body-mass index (BMI) was above the normal range in 73.3% of the sample, and BP was altered in 18.8% of the sample and 13.6% used antihypertensive medications and had normal BP
The waist/hip ratio was altered in 50.5% of the patients, in whom the prevalence of hypertension was higher (26.6%), and 10.9% used medication and had normal BP (Table 1)
Summary
Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) is a chronic disease characterized by high and constant systolic and diastolic blood pressure equal to or greater than 140mmHg and 90mmHg, respectively (Brasil, 2006; WHO, 2015). SAH is considered a public health problem and the most important risk factor for illness and mortality in the world (OPAS, 2013). It is associated with the development of cerebrovascular ailments, coronary artery problems, peripheral arterial problems, chronic renal failure, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and can cause blindness (Brasil, 2006; OPAS, 2013). These complications account for approximately 9.4 million deaths worldwide each year (WHO, 2015). The risk of death may be aggravated if hypertension is not controlled, and associated with other risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and diabetes (OPAS, 2013)
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