Abstract
Dyspepsia is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal problem. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of dyspepsia in Iran. The present study was registered at PROSPERO with the code CRD42019148610. It was carried out based on MOOSE and reporting was performed according to the PRISMA protocol. Systematic search of the literature was performed in July 2019 on international databases of PubMed/Medline, Web of Science (ISI), Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, Science Direct, and local databases as well as the Google Scholar search engine. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 and Chi-square tests. All analyses were done using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Overall, 14 studies with a sample size of 54,118 subjects entered in this meta-analysis. The prevalence of dyspepsia in Iran was 14.6% (95% CI: 9.6-21.7). Large heterogeneity was detected among studies (I2=99.62%, P<0.001). The prevalence of dysmotility-like, ulcer-like, and unspecified dyspepsia was estimated to be 9.7% (95% CI: 4.9-18.4), 12.1% (95% CI: 5.2-25.7) and 17.0% (95% CI: 7.8-33.4), respectively. The prevalence of dyspepsia in Iranian men and women was found at 11.1% (95% CI: 6.3-18.8) and 17.8% (95% CI: 10.0-29.7), respectively. The prevalence of dyspepsia in Iran is relatively high. However, it is lower than global estimates.
Highlights
Dyspepsia is a very prevalent gastrointestinal disease and its prevalence has been reported to be 40% in populationbased studies.[1]
The Rome II Criteria for the diagnosis of functional dyspepsia (FD) include: FD for more than twelve weeks, which does not need to be continuous, within the past twelve months with: (a) Constant or repeated symptoms; (b) No sign of organic illness that is probable to describe the manifestation; and (c) No sign to demonstrate that FD is just improved by defecation or related to the beginning of a change in form or frequency of stool
FD includes (1) ulcer-like FD: Discomfort or pain concentrated in the epigastric part of the abdomen is the main manifestation; (2) Dysmotility-like FD: A disagreeable or irritating painless sensation concentrated in the epigastric part of the abdomen is the main manifestation; this sensation is perhaps identified by or associated with early satiety, fullness of upper abdominal, nausea or bloating; (3) Unspecified FD: patients whose manifestation do not meet the prerequisites for dysmotility or ulcer-like FD.[2]
Summary
Dyspepsia is a very prevalent gastrointestinal disease and its prevalence has been reported to be 40% in populationbased studies.[1]. (3) Unspecified FD: patients whose manifestation do not meet the prerequisites for dysmotility or ulcer-like FD.[2] According to the Rome IV criteria, which were recently revised,[3] FD is characterized by: (a) Constant or repeated dyspepsia for above three months within the past six months; (b) No sign of a probable organic reason of the endoscopic examination; and (c) No evidence that the dyspepsia is only ameliorated by defecation or any relation with stool abnormalities. This last criterion serves to omit IBS as a possible reason of the manifestation, about 30% of patients with FD suffer from IBS.
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