Abstract
<i>Background:</i> Globally, childhood diarrheal diseases accounts for 18% of childhood death. Diarrhea was most common among children of age 6-23 months. It is the second most common cause of child deaths next to pneumonia. <i>Objective:</i> To assess the determinants of diarrheal disease among under -five years of children in Worabe town Silte zone, Southern Ethiopia. <i>Methodology:</i> A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in 02 kebele, Worabe town from April to June 2018. Systematic random sampling method was used to get samples. Data was collected using questionnaire developed from different literatures. Data was analyzed by online bivariate analysis and p-value less than 0.05 was used to determine association. <i>Result:</i> A total of two hundred and twenty two respondents were included in the study. The prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children in 02 kebele was 69 (30.9%). From the total 69 under-five children affected by diarrhea, 32 (46.4%) were males and 37 (53.6%) were females. There was significant association between diarrhea morbidity and age of the child (X<sup>2</sup> = 16.42 (p<0.05)), children feeding status (on exclusive breast feeding and complementary feeding) (X<sup>2</sup> = 7.9009 (p<0.05)), hand washing during preparing food for children (X<sup>2</sup> = 49.55 (p<0.001)), and solid waste disposal (X<sup>2</sup> = 21.56 (p<0.001)). <i>Conclusion and Recommendation:</i> The prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children in Worabe town was high. There was significant association between risk of having diarrhea with age of the child, exclusive breast feeding and complementary feeding, hand washing when preparing food for children, and solid waste disposal. Health Extension workers, woreda health office, kebele administrators and responsible bodies should educate communities on exclusive breast feeding, hygienic practices while preparing food and feeding children. Further research should be done using qualitative methods.
Highlights
Diarrhea is passage of three or more loose or watery stool per 24 hours
World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF) estimated that almost 2.5 billion episodes of diarrhea occur annually in children under five years of age in developing countries with more than 80% of the episodes occurring in Africa and South Asia [3, 4]
This study revealed that the prevalence of diarrheal disease among under-five children 4 was 30.9%
Summary
Diarrhea is passage of three or more loose or watery stool per 24 hours It is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries including in Ethiopia. In childhood, it accounts for 18% of deaths with an estimated deaths of 1.5 million children per year globally, making it the second most common cause of child death worldwide [1, 2]. There was significant association between diarrhea morbidity and age of the child (X2 = 16.42 (p
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