Abstract
BackgroundThe prevalence of hypertension is increasing in Bangladesh, however, few recent studies investigated the proportion of people and factors associated with prevalence, awareness, and control of this condition in this country. This study investigated these among Bangladeshi adults.MethodsUsing Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18 data, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was employed after descriptive analysis and prevalence estimation.ResultsAmong 12,926 persons (mean age: 40 years, 57% women), the prevalence of hypertension was 27.4% (n = 3551), it was 28.4 and 26.2% among females and males, respectively. Among hypertensive people, about 42.4% (n = 1508) people were aware of having it, 48.7% among females and 33.5% among males. Of the 1313 people who were taking antihypertensive medication, only 33.8% (n = 443) had controlled hypertension, 34.7 and 31.7% among females and males, respectively.Among the studied factors associated with hypertension, people with older age, female gender, overweight/obesity, diabetes, richer wealth quintiles, and residence in some administrative divisions had higher odds of hypertension (p < 0.05). However, the odds of awareness was lower among younger people, males, and people without overweight/obesity, diabetes, or richer wealth quintiles. Odds of controlled hypertension was also lower among people with older age and higher among college-educated people.ConclusionThis study identified several important factors associated with prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension. It is important to address these factors with nationwide prevention and control programs.
Highlights
The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in Bangladesh, few recent studies investigated the proportion of people and factors associated with prevalence, awareness, and control of this condition in this country
Participants who reported that they were taking any blood pressure (BP) lowering drugs were considered as hypertensive [12]. Among those we found hypertensive, we considered a person as aware if the person knew the diagnosis of hypertension from a doctor or nurse (i.e., “Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health worker that you have high BP or hypertension?”) [4]
Statistical analysis First, we described the study sample with weighted numbers and percentages for categorical variables and means and standard errors (SE) for continuous variables according to the prevalence, awareness, and control status (Tables 1, 2, and 3)
Summary
The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in Bangladesh, few recent studies investigated the proportion of people and factors associated with prevalence, awareness, and control of this condition in this country. This study investigated these among Bangladeshi adults. According to the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017–18, a nationally representative survey from Bangladesh, about 45% of the women and 34% of the men aged 35 years and older are hypertensive in this country [4] This is a significant rise from the previous estimates of 32 and 20% among women and men of same age group in 2011, respectively [4, 5]. This report shows that more than half of the hypertensive people are not aware of their hypertensive condition [4]
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