Prevalence and Risk Factors of Burnout Among Mental Health Professionals in the NHS: A Systematic Review

Health care workers working in Covid-19 vacciantion centers due to their exponential demand experience burnout and stress. Burnout, a psychological syndrome is characterized by emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). It can adversely affect professional and personal well being of an individual. Aim of this study was to check prevalence of burnout among health care workers, to identify personal and work-related factors, and to compare the risk factors associated with the different dimensions of burnout (EE, DP, and PA). This cross-sectional study was carried out among 180 employees of various COVID-19 vaccination centers. Three dimensions of burnout (EE, DP, and PA) were evaluated usinge Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and association between burnout and other factors were assessed using logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Prevalence rate of burnout among health care workers was 73.3%. Emotional exhaustion being the highest dimension (38.4%) followed by Depersonalization (30.8%) and personal accomplishment (33.1%). Young employees (<30 years) had significantly higher prevalence of burnout compared to old employees (82.4% vs. 52.4%, p = 0.033). Additionally, employees working more than 8 hours/day (OR = 9.98, p = 0.032) and employess with less than 6 hours of sleep/night (OR = 0.39, p = 0.042) had more likely to experience burnout. There was an increase prevalence rate of burnout observedamong employees at COVID-19 vaccination centers. There was a significant association between personal and work-related factors such as age, working hours, and sleep patterns. Addressing these factors, particularly by promoting better work-life balance and mental health support, is essential to mitigate burnout and improve employee well-being.

Emergency medicine (EM) settings are very stressful, given the high workload, intense working environment, and prolonged working time. In turn, the rate of burnout and its three domains have been increasingly reported among healthcare workers (HCWs). Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to determine the prevalence and risk factors of burnout among EM HCWs. Six databases were searched in February 2023, yielding 29 articles (16,619 EM HCWs) reporting burnout or its three domains (emotional exhaustion "EE", depersonalization "DP", and personal accomplishment "PA"). The primary outcome was the prevalence of burnout and its domains, while secondary outcomes included the risk factors of high burnout, EE, DP, or low PA. Burnout rates were pooled across studies using STATA software. The prevalence was measured using the pooled effect size (ES), and the random-effects model was used when heterogeneity was encountered; otherwise, the fixed-effects model was used. The prevalence of overall burnout was high (43%), with 35% of EM HCWs having a high risk of burnout. Meanwhile, 39%, 43%, and 36% of EM workers reported having high levels of EE and DP and low levels of PA, respectively. Country-specific changes in the rate of burnout were observed. The rate of high burnout, high EE, high DP, and low PA was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to the pre-pandemic period. The type of profession (nurses, physicians, residents, etc.) played a significant role in modifying the rate of burnout and its domains. However, gender was not a significant determinant of high burnout or its domains among EM workers. Burnout is a prevalent problem in emergency medicine practice, affecting all workers. As residents progress through their training years, their likelihood of experiencing burnout intensifies. Nurses are most affected by this problem, followed by physicians. Country-associated differences in burnout and its domains are evident.

High rates of secondary traumatic stress and burnout have been found across nursing populations. However, few studies have focused on neonatal staff. The objectives of this article are to explore the prevalence and severity of secondary traumatic stress (STS) and burnout in neonatal staff, and identify risk factors and protective factors for STS and burnout within this population with the aim of informing future staff support. A quantitative, cross-sectional study using a survey design was conducted; 246 neonatal staff reported measures of STS, burnout, self-compassion and satisfaction with ward climate. Neonatal staff reported high rates of moderate-severe STS and burnout. STS and burnout were negatively associated with self-compassion and satisfaction with ward climate, suggesting them to be protective factors against STS and burnout. STS was found to be a risk factor for burnout and vice versa. Interventions that increase understanding of STS and burnout, nurture self-compassion, provide support and enhance stress management could help mitigate the impact of STS and burnout amongst neonatal staff.

Brief Observation: A National Study of Burnout Among Internal Medicine Clerkship Directors

ObjectiveThis national-level study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of burnout, as well as the coping strategies among nurses in the Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia.DesignUsing a complex...

Staff in the paediatric intensive care unit work with children and their families in an area of high acuity, mortality, and morbidity. There is complexity due to technological advancements and confronting psychosocial situations. With increasing reports of the threat of burnout to healthcare professionals it is imperative to understand the prevalence of burnout and the determinants of risk factors for staff to work in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in order to inform interventions that reduce risk and support growth and wellbeing of this specialised workforce. We conducted electronic searches of PUBMED, Medline, CINAHL and PsychINFO. Studies meeting eligibility inclusion criteria comprised English text, publication dates 1995 to 2019, use of standardized measures to assess prevalence and risk factors for burnout where the PICU staff data was reported separately and contained sample sizes ≥10 PICU staff. Two reviewers independently identified and extracted citations and assessed the quality of papers using two standardised reporting tools. Twenty studies were included in the final review. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies a descriptive account of the studies was developed. Outcomes reported included prevalence and levels of burnout reported across professional disciplines, reported scoring criteria for burnout, risk and protective factors for burnout, comparative populations, systems and social context associated with burnout and study strengths and limitations. Most studies were cross-sectional, used a single measure of burnout and focussed on either physicians or nurses. Of the 20 studies reported 62% reported high burnout, 19% moderate burnout, and 19% reported low levels of burnout. Inconsistency was identified in adherence to recommended cut-off scores or reporting for the categorisation of burnout, which contributed to a lack of clarity in the interpretation of prevalence and severity. Reports of factors associated with increased risk and likely protective factors for burnout were often contradictory suggesting that burnout may be situational; dependent upon personal, environmental, leadership, cultural and patient factors within the PICU. This review revealed that determining levels and risk of burnout in PICU staff remains problematic. Further research which examines the experiences of all members of the multidisciplinary team and identification of factors that affect the development of burnout, including those which are protective, is required.

Prevalence of burnout in mental health nurses in China: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Burnout has been commonly observed in health care workers. Though research has been conducted involving burnout among doctors in China, few studies have focused on residents during standardized residency training (SRT). The professional status of the residents during SRT remains largely unclear. The present study was conducted in order to clarify the prevalence and potential risk factors of burnout in residents during SRT.An electronic questionnaire comprised 2 parts. The first part was designed to collect some basic characteristic information. Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was included in the second part.As many as 71.05% residents had at least 1 scale of burnout. Emotional exhaustion (EE) was found in 55.6% residents, depersonalization (DP) in 29.7% and reduced personal accomplishment (RPA) in 41.6%. Being older than 27, senior SRT year, working time more than 60 hours per week and poor sleeping quality was independently associated with at least on scale of burnout. Being unable to receive timely supervisor support significantly increased the probability of DP and EE. Not having friends at work or feeling cared for by the hospital were independently related to all 3 symptoms of burnout as well as overall burnout.Burnout rate is high in residents under SRT from middle part of China. Organizational, professional, and social support was demonstrated critical by the potential roles in protecting against burnout. Residents with burnout were prone to considering turnover. Strategies for managing burnout related factors among residents should be focused in future studies.

Objective: Burnout is a psychological symptom characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment. Several systematic reviews have examined the prevalence of burnout in some communities, including the communities of physicians, nurses, students, and teachers. Risk factors, consequences of burnout, and related interventions have also been evaluated in several systematic review studies. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, consequences, and interventions associated with burnout among military personnel in all types of studies. Method : Studies that quantitatively examined burnout in military personnel after 2000 were identified through systematic searches in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Embase, PsychInfo, and PsycArticles databases. Results: A total of 43 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. Of these, 34 were cross-sectional, 7 were longitudinal, 1 was case-control and 1 was experimental. Half of the studies had more than 350 samples. The studies were from 17 different countries, among which the United States had the largest number with 17 studies. 33 studies were measured with one version of Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Totally, only 10 studies reported a prevalence of burnout and/or its subscales. The prevalence of high emotional exhaustion ranged from 0% to 49.7% (median 19%), the prevalence of high depersonalization ranged from 0% to 59.6% (median 14%) and the prevalence of low personal accomplishment ranged from 0% to 60% (median 6.4%). In this systematic review, work environment factors (such as workload, shift work), psychological factors (anxiety, depression, stress), and duration and quality of sleep were shown as risk factors of burnout or its subscales. Also, psychological distress was observed as the consequence of burnout in more than one study. Conclusion: The studies investigated in this systematic review showed a relatively moderate prevalence of burnout. In fact, burnout was associated with work environment factors and psychological variables.

1. Paria M. Wilson, MD, MEd* 2. Maneesh Batra, MD, MPH† 3. Kathi J. Kemper, MD, MPH‡ 4. John D. Mahan, MD‡,§ 5. Betty B. Staples, MD¶ 6. Janet R. Serwint, MD** 1. *Division of Emergency Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 2. †Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Seattle Children’s Hospital and the University of Washington, Seattle, WA 3. ‡The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 4. §Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 5. ¶Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 6. **Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD * Abbreviations: EHR: : electronic health record OR: : odds ratio SMART: : Stress Management and Resiliency Training > Every once in a while in Pediatrics in Review , Editors-in-Chief Bob Haggerty and Larry Nazarian would advise readers to care for themselves. They offered commentaries on such subjects as how to transition to retirement or part-time practice, taking time to reflect on the joy of pediatrics, and stepping out of the office to partake in community events. In the spirit of Dr Haggerty’s and Dr Nazarian’s hope that readers take care of themselves, Pediatrics in Review offers the following review. > > —JZ Clinicians and trainee physicians should be aware of the components of wellness and how to foster them in their daily practice. Interventions have been aimed at the individual and organizational levels. After …

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of burnout among physicians, nurses and medical secretaries of the ACeS Pinhal Litoral primay health care centres. Type of study: Cross-sectional study conducted between 15 October and 15 December 2014. Setting: ACeS Pinhal Litoral. Participants: Primary health care professionals. Methods: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), translated and validated for use in Portuguese, was used in this study. Results: A response rate of 60.1% of the 434 health professionals working in the ACeS was obtained. Regarding the dimensions of burnout, 41.0% had a high emotional exhaustion (EE) score, 28.4% had a high depersonalization (DP) score and 22.6% had a low personal accomplishment (PA) score. The prevalence of burnout in this sample was 5.7%. It was higher among nurses (9.9%) and medical specialists (7.2%). An association was found between burnout and the following factors: age (>45 years for DP and 20 years for DP and <=20 years for PA), intention to change profession (for all dimensions), intention to change institution (for EE and DP), and health unit (by bivariate analysis of Family Health Care Unit for DP and by multivariate analysis of Personalized Health Care Unit for DP). Conclusion: Individual and organizational factors are associated with the presence of burnout. Personal and institutional approaches are necessary for intervention in this issue.

Prevalence and risk factors of burnout in community pharmacists

Burnout, defined with its most agreed upon definition, given in 1982 by Christina Maslach (Maslach Burnout Inventory), is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job. Individuals suffering from burnout experience emotional exhaustion, depersonalization of clients, and reduced feelings of personal accomplishment. The well-documented day-to-day and long-term experiences of job stress and burnout among social services institutions increasingly raise concerns among leaders, policy makers and scholars. In this senses, previous research conducted internationally has shown a high prevalence of burnout among Social Workers collective. The burnout in Social Work is related to three types of factors: individual (seniority, gender, training and qualification, personality attributes, etc.), organizational (role stress, uncertainty, work overload, lack of human resources, etc.), and contextual. However, it is not frequent to find studies that analyze this occupational health problem in Spain. Current research explores the prevalence of burnout (using the Maslach Burnout Inventory) and associated risk factors like the demographic, occupational, perceived social support (Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder) and job satisfaction levels (Overall Job Satisfaction) among social workers in Spain. Higher perceived social support decreases; higher anxiety is linked to higher burnout, and higher job satisfaction is linked to lower burnout incidence. Participants: the study’s sample was composed of a total of 252 subjects, of which 88.5 % (n = 223) were women, and 11.5 % (n = 29) were men, all social workers from the Professional Associations of Social Work of Seville and Murcia, with an average age of 40.7 years. The information was collected online via the Google Questionnaire application at the end of 2017. The questionnaire was divided into four different blocks: demographic (including age, sex, marital status and number of children) and labor (seniority, employment sector and employment context ) variables; perceived social support (Duke-UNC functional social support questionnaire); Generalized Anxiety disorder scale (GAD 7); Overall Job Satisfaction questionnaire; and burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), whose 22 questions measure emotional exhaustion, low depersonalization and personal fulfillment. Based on the prevalence of burnout, 46.8 % (n = 118) showed high emotional exhaustion, 56.7 % (n = 143) high depersonalization and 62.3 % (n = 157) low personal achievement. Likewise, after logistic regression analysis, it is observed how certain variables are statistically significantly associated with the different dimensions of burnout, specifically, emotional exhaustion was associated with older age (OR = 1.028; p = .038), work seniority (OR = 1.032; p = .038) and job satisfaction (OR = .978; p = .009). High depersonalization was positively associated with working in social services (OR = 1.726; p = .018), perceived social support (OR = .969; p = .026) and anxiety (OR = 1.213; p = .037). Finally, low personal achievement was statistically associated with perceived social support (OR = .969; p = .026) and anxiety (OR = 1.213; p = .037). Current results could be effective when carrying out prevention strategies aimed at reducing the problem of burnout among Social Work professionals in Spain. The socio-economic and political context of Spain characterized by austerity in recent years has negatively affected the public sector and social services through restrictions on access to rights, precarious working conditions for social workers, reduction of templates and work teams, elimination of public services and benefits, progressive privatization and reduction of budgets for social policies, increasing the workload of social workers in Spain. Current results show the degree of dissatisfaction among social workers in Spain, calling on other researchers to analyze the protective factors that can cushion the appearance and negative effects of burnout. https://doi.org/10.16888/interd.2022.39.1.11

How do you deal with burnout in the clinical workplace?

Risk factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome in the nursing profession