Abstract
BackgroundAtherogenic dyslipidemia is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease among patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Timely detection and characterization of this condition help clinicians estimate future risk of cardiovascular disease and take appropriate preventive measures. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, pattern and predictors of dyslipidemia in a cohort of Nepalese patients with type 2 diabetes.ResultsWe found mixed dyslipidemia as the most prevalent (88.1%) and isolated dyslipidemia (10.1%) as the least prevalent forms of dyslipidemia in our patients. The most prevalent form of single dyslipidemia was high LDL-C (73.8%) and combined dyslipidemia was high TG, high LDL-C and low HDL-C (44.7%). Prevalence of all single and mixed dyslipidemia was higher in patients with poor glycemic control and hypertension. The glycemic status of patients correlated with their fasting serum lipid profile. Dyslipidemia was associated mainly with male gender, poor glycemic control and hypertension.ConclusionsAtherogenic dyslipidemia is associated mainly with male gender, poor glycemic control and hypertension. It is highly prevalent in Nepalese patients with type 2 diabetes. Urgent lifestyle modification, sustained glycemic control and aggressive lipid lowering treatment plans are necessary to minimize the future risk of cardiovascular disease in this population.
Highlights
Atherogenic dyslipidemia is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease among patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus
We found that the majority of the patients had higher levels of serum TG, total cholesterol (TC), non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and TC/HDL-C ratio and lower level of serum HDL-C than the cut off values recommended by the NCEP ATP III [2]
We have previously shown that Nepalese type 2 diabetic patients have high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) [43]
Summary
Atherogenic dyslipidemia is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease among patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the third major noncommunicable disease in Nepal, and is approaching pandemic levels due to rapid change in socioeconomic status and life-style of the people [1]. T2DM amplifies the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) several fold, making it a significant risk factor of the latter. Among several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for CVD, T2DM is the strongest, as it is strongly associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia [4, 5]. Significant reduction of CVD related morbidity and mortality by lipid-lowering agents such as statins underscores their importance in the cardiovascular health of diabetic patients [11]. Early detection and aggressive management of dyslipidemia are very important in saving the lives of diabetic patients from atherogenic cardiovascular diseases
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