Prevalence and characteristics of cervical human papillomavirus genotypes and cervical lesions among 58630 women from Guangzhou, China

Abstract

BackgroundTo assess the prevalence and characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and its associated cervical lesions in Guangzhou, China, which may be useful for adjusting area-specific cervical cancer prevention and control strategies. MethodsA total of 58630 women were enrolled. Cervical specimens were collected for HPV DNA testing and/or cervical cytology. Patients with visible cervical lesions or abnormal screening results underwent further cervical biopsies. ResultThe overall HPV positive rate was 14.07%. The top five genotypes in Guangzhou were HPV 52 (3.06%), HPV 16 (2.28%), HPV 58 (1.80%), HPV 51 (1.32%), and HPV 39 (1.15%). The prevalence of overall HPV and vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes showed a significantly decreasing trend from 2016 to 2019 (P < 0.05). While, the infection rate of HPV 35 increased significantly during this time (P = 0.015). The age-specific prevalence of any HPV genotypes showed a bimodal curve, which peaked firstly among the < 20 y age group, and then peaked secondly among the > 59 y age group. Among HPV-positive women, the proportions of HSIL and cervical cancer increased significantly with age (P < 0.05). Among > 59 y age group, 9.35% HPV-positive cases were diagnosed as cervical cancer. HPV 16/18 was the most common cause of cervical cancer. While, the percentage of non-HPV 16/18 infection among cervical cancer patients increased over time, from 15.21% in 2015 to 26.32% in 2019 (P = 0.010). Besides that, the prevalence of non-HPV 16/18 genotypes among cervical cancer patients significantly increased with age, which peaked at the > 59 y age group (P = 0.014). ConclusionAlthough the prevalence of any HPV and vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes decreased significantly with time, it is still important to follow the HPV genotypes and their associated cancer risk after the large-scale popularization of HPV vaccine. And age should be taken into consideration in screening strategies and risk-based management of cervical cancer in Guangzhou.